Ways Groups of People Are Identified Essay Example for Free

Ways Groups of People ar Identified EssayIntroduction This paper explores how pagan eating places could be a stepping st matchless towards both sides of the spectrum of in? of multi hea and soish golf-club. A Home to people of m eachmuch several(predicate) kindly primers, Britain is certainly a multi social place. ContempoaryContemporary Britain has been atomic number 53 of the countries that constitute experienced a rapid festering of population through the process of international immigration(Piccolo and doubting Thomas 2001). This enlarges the population assortment, generating a variety of diametric cultural communi drags reshaping the socio-cultural and economic structure of the nation. Britain has arrived to the Age of migration and nonage. The deflections of variant cultural groups fucking coexist in an environment with joyously embrace, celebrated and harmony, or in an environment with disagreement, qualm and clashes (Thompson 2003). Hypotheses Many c ontrasting variables ass affect the cash advance of multiculturalism the pagan restaurants assiduity is moreover part of the bigger picture. Hence, both the internal and external variables from the social restaurant persistence bestow be ruminate.However, this paper exit be to a greater extent focus to the following hypotheses (this line doesnt make sense) 1) Does the role of heathenish restaurants acts as a barrier or a stepping-st angiotensin-converting enzyme on the process of multiculturalism?. 2) At whatich take aim of the society does pagan restaurants interprets athe largest role on the process of multiculturalism. These hypotheses leave alone be explored and in depth, with theories and images supplying the foundation of the paper and the get a lineings go forth be examined with a deterrent example necessitate to test out the findings in relationship with the reality.Methodology The methodological analysis will be ground on research on the ideology of mu lticulturalism in terms of nutriment as a symbol of multiculturalism, and the relationship of ethnic restaurants with multiculturalism. The research will consist of both ancient and biteary research the background knowledge virtually the ethnic restaurants attention is mainly base on relevant journals and other resources, the ideology of multiculturalism and its relationship with the ethnic restaurants will be split into cardinal carve up sections.This allows the nouss of the theories to drive home equal weight. Following this, will be distinguishing the main factors that cede the prime impacts on the draw closeion of multiculturalism and at which take aim of these factors hurt the close affect, which is my hypotheses. With adequate amount of thinkers and theories in convertible field written by a range of authors from polar background been examined and explored, a self-constructed subject atomic number 18a national will be mounted. Investigating how the vag arys from the secondary research disturb to the reality.An ethnic restaurant will be chosen, the restaurant befool to be a restaurant that atomic number 18 typeized to the type of restaurants that have been studied from most of the authors that have been researched in the literature review section. The type of primary research will be through manifestation and converseing some of the main players within the restaurants, both the lags and the customers. By interviewing the different players of the ethnic restaurant, I passel scoop up building up some of the insight of the kind of knowledge the stakeholders of an ethnic restaurant have on the idea of multiculturalism.The paper will be concluded with a summary of the main findings from the research and how the findings tie in or contradiction to reality, the geek study. This is an grievous part of the paper, as this will prove if the theories bunghole do or do not occur in reality. It finishes off with some personal insigh ts and any further improvements that could be useful if this paper is to be research in the future. The personal insight s based on the findings of the paper, and further improvement includes some of the arduousies that have arises during the course of the research and the case study constructed.It will be useful for any research if they were to be interested in this topic. Literature palingenesis General Background Since the 1970s in that respect has been a rapid amplification in ethnic entrepreneurship in Britain. This had been argued as a excerpt strategy for ethnic groups toward deindustrialisation, many a(prenominal) immigrants which were initially recruited for low-skilled manual jobs have to alter to the changes of economic structure from manufacture to service based economy(Jones and Ram 2003).With the ever increasing upward abridge of eating out in the British economy (Ram, Sanghera et al.2000 Ram, Jones et al. 2002), many ethnic groups have eyeds this as an probab ility in order to survive the transitional phase of the nation. , Thisthe app bent trigger offment of a more than several(a) diet of the British economy helps the ethnic minority, as ethnic minority with the knowledge of unfamiliar nutriment have a comparative advantage in entering the ethnic cuisine business (Ram, Sanghera et al. 2000). However, the speed and produce of ethnic entrepreneurs entering the market exceed the market probable, hence creating a market that is overcrowded (Ram, Jones et al.2002) or a market with hyper-competition (Jones and Ram 2003).As we progress to the 21st century there have been periods of time that the growth in the number of the ethnic cuisine market to slow down, however, there have been an increase in the quality of heartfelts and services provide with ethnic cuisines (Ram, Sanghera et al. 2000). We take the Italians for example, when the Italians offshoot started their provide business in Britain at the beginning they started with pizzer ia or dinner, as the start-up cost to the business is comparatively low., Today, and nowadays this has progressed to white-tablecloth restaurants where the return of investiture is much greater.There have been similar warnings of creating a more up surpass business where returns be greater (Ray 2005), withal known to some as the bottom-up theory in the catering manufacture(Riello 2006). Another program line to the shift from quantity to quality in ethnic cuisine is that of the increase in expertise in the business sector from the second genesis of the ethnic minority. As mentioned earlier the rapid growth of ethnic cuisine market is one of the survival strategy adopted in the period of deindustrialisation.With the growth of the second generation from ethnic groups, some of the barriers of the initiatory generation of entering the market are removed. (For example, language/ conference barrier removed) Second generation ethnic entrepreneur eyes the ethnic catering industry n ot as a survival strategy, barely rather a strategy to climb the income ladder(Ram, Sanghera et al. 2000 Ram, Jones et al. 2002 Jones and Ram 2003 Riello 2006). social cuisine have been embedded into the modern society this is partly delinquent to the dynamicity of the economic structure of the nation, the ethnic cuisine industry have also adopted with this dynamicity and restructure itself to establish into the restaurant industry.With the second generation of the ethnic minority be nestle more skilled and well adopted in the economy, the nature of the industry have also changed. intellectual nourishment as symbol of culture The sizeableness of consumer behavior in the horse opera society is the contribution in the creation and adaptation to the level of acceptance to new commodities and social habit. The idea of a ever-changing pattern of consumerism plays an important role in the commonplace acceptance of different culture.Food can be assumed to be a commodity to an econo my, and different ethnic cuisine supplies different cultural based product, hence ethnic food to an certain extents is known as an cultural commodity (Ray 2005), and ethnic restaurants, with the increasing trend of eating out acts as a catalyst towards a general acceptance of different cultural social habit(Riello 2006). Catering has been seen as a symbol of culture, this is due to the fact that different ethnic foods have its own identicalness, quality and traditional attach to it(Ram, Jones et al.2002).Similar to other culture symbols such as places of worship, ethnic restaurants share some of the fundamental purpose that occurs in places of worship. They both provide a gathering place for groups with common believes, and educating its users to get a olfactory sensation of the message it is laborious to get out. In addition, there are different symbols of culture in different method of eating, similar to different methods of praying.The symbol of cultural relating to the metho d of different method of eating is real strong., Examples includesuch as the exercise of different cutlery, generally in europiuman catering, the main usage of cutleryscutleries are knifes, forks, and spoons, and in the south-east Asian the main usage of cutlery is chopstick. These different methods of eating can be seen as different symbols of food or culture. (Bruckner 2006 Hussain and Miller 2006) Food culture is also associated to class differencest there have been a foresightful history of catering in relation to class, this is due to the history of strong class separation in the western society.For example in the 18th century, during the north European renaissance the Italians culture has played an important role in e precise aspect of living, Italian food and catering included. The taste of Italy has soon go bad the cultural leader in western society. During that period, the Italian food industry all around Europe was experiencing an increase of acceptance of the Italia n catering. However, this surge in the interest of Italian food is not all in all due to the taste and quality from superior of skills in catering, but also the cultural associations.(Riello 2006). These long histories of food in association with culture and class have repeated itself with different culture depending on the trend and fashion with the leading culture group. Should I do into class segregation or should I sign on on culture? In recent history, there have been increasing trends of a more diverse style of catering this is due to the fact that, the numbers of choices of different ethnic restaurants have increased dramatically, specially south-eastsoutheast Asian cuisines.This is due to the exertions that south-eastsoutheast Asians cuisines have been seen as a health diet, hence creating a taint for Asians catering to be a symbol of healthy diet. I will find reading that will support this evidence. Food in relationship with multiculturalism Multiculturalism has been a n increasingly popular ideology to modern society. This is ca utilise bye the increase in convenience of international migration due to the increase in technology that enable people to move around the world with less significant amount of effort.Furthermore, the general reshaping of social and economic structure with the aid from processes such as globalisation. genius can say that todays societies have become more diverse than any other time in history. With such as diverse groups of people with different ethnic, religion, and social background, people have came up with different ideas and models that will accomplish with the increase in form of culture group living in the equivalent society.One of the main ideologies of multiculturalism is the balance of power of similar and different groups interacting in close proximity to each other. (Jesudason 1997 Ram, Jones et al. 2002) Should I expand or try to send the arguments of multiculturalism together? Diffusion of different gro ups One of the main aspects of multiculturalism is how the process of the diffusion of different groups immingles into the same society. The advantages and disadvantages of the level of diffusion of different groups merge together. merge. (Thompson 2003 Ray 2005) AdvantagesGroups of different culture background merging togethermerging will shit an environment of a richer sense of culture. The learning and teaching of different culture significations will benefits and enhance the standard of living and the standard of well-beings of all the different groups within in the society. With the increase of acceptance and tolerance of groups of different ethnic, religion and social background will reduce or remove any chances of discrimination or racial riotrivet, which, which in history have forgets in some of most devastating and dramatic historical events.Disadvantages The losst of identity and beliefsve of different cultural groups will eventually create a society of no difference? t. Reducing the varieties of identity within a society will damage of possibility of a multicultural society. I have difficulty trying to explain this following idea, I do extrapolate the 2 different approaches, but putting it on paper is difficult. Differences of Groups The most difficult ideology laughingstock multiculturalism is how to verify the differences of groups. In general there are two approaches in verifying the differences of groupsAn indifferences approach towards different The indifferences approach towards different is that instead of identifying different groups in the level of differences in relation to other groups. One will try identifying different groups with the amount of similarity of the members. This approach strongly emphasis on the idea of equality, assuming everyone is equal. This sounds like a more appropriate approach however it eliminates the importance of different identity in every single member of the group.A differences approach towards differe nt The differences approach towards different is identifying the level of differences between groups. Opposite to the indifferencesindifferences, approach towards different. This approach shows that all members of a group will still have individual personal level of different. It also takes into consideration that cultural do not follows the rule of universalism, meaning everyone will be different no matter what culture group they are in. Tool or Barrier?In the restaurant industry there is a very strong ethnic based pattern of recruitments, part of the reasoning behind this is the strong cultural background behind ethnic restaurants. Firstly, catering is one of the classic niches traditionally occupied by ethnic minority, since the cultural identity is of the utmost operative importance. In the case of the operation within the kitchen, it is surrounded with a works environment that consist ordinary activities with rushed orders, since in most ethnic restaurant the type of food pro duced are catered with ethnic chefs.The importance of confabulation inside the kitchen is all important(p). This is one of the push factors for any workers with different language skills to operate in this running(a) environment(Ram, Sanghera et al. 2000 Jones and Ram 2003 Ray 2005). Secondly, similar to other service based businesses, the running(a) hours for employees in the restaurants industry can be argued to beas unsociable. , Tthis is due to the fact that in the catering industry the rush hours are the hours that can be assumed to be the most sociable hours (Ram, Sanghera et al. 2000).Due to the natureal of the catering industry of being serving users for their social activities, This can be deduce as the prospect cost for people related to the catering industry of forgoing their own social time for the return that they get, in this case wages for working. (this line is also long and I cant see how to make it smaller cos I dont understand it ) A And a lot of ethnic rest aurants are is supported with strong family ties and cultural support. , Iit is very common for an ethnic business to operate with a noble level of family involvement, and this could be part-time of or full-time involvement.These high levels of family support have been adopted by the ethnic group in their survival strategy that has kept them in the businessThe ethnic group in their survival strategy that has kept them in the business has adopted these high levels of family support. , FAas family support do not only offers support financially, but also physically and morally, and it is the physical and moral support that have kept the ethnic entrepreneurship to stay in the matched market rather than the financial support.The idea of converting culture or verity into capital capital, thatthat can be use as an advantagesan advantage in order to stay competitive against much better resourced organisations. With these reasons, the pattern of the employment in ethnic restaurants has a much higher closeness of ethnic group than most other type of organisations. This can act as a barrier for different ethnic minorities working in restaurants to diffuse into the society.Firstly, the language barrier will be harder to break, as the language used in the workplace will most probably be their native language. The language barrier should be the first barrier to break in order for people to diffuse into the surrounding society, as communication is one of the fundamentals of any kind of social interaction. In the case of working unsociable hours, this is also some other barrier for employees related to the catering industry to diffuse with the society, as the timing to interact with people are limited, reducing the chance and pace of which they can diffuse into the society.Finally, with the high level of family involvement in the restaurants industry, this is a micro scale compared to the other two examples mentioned before. By this I mean, the higher the absorption of family involvement in the business the more isolated the group is to the surrounding society. , Tas the only people that they will be in contact is their family members again creating a barrier by reducing the level of interaction to the surrounding society. As mentioned before one of the functions of restaurants is to bring people of similarity together, acting as a gathering chief and educating its users., Inin this instance,case it is the culture and the traditional of the ethnic food they can trying to educates it users. Ethnic restaurants like other businesses are located in areas of high demand of the product (Jesudason 1997 Ray 2005 Riello 2006), as ethnic food is a cultural commodity, most ethnic restaurants are located in area of higher concentration of ethnic population, this is to increase the number of possible customer of the ethnic restaurants, which makes economic sense.As in some casescases, an ethnic restaurant is focusing on a niche market. By having an distinctiv e focus group of potential customers, they can become an ultimate ethnic monopoly (Ram, Sanghera et al. 2000). Again with the increasing trend of eating ethnic food, and the increase of the level of acceptance of ethnic food, an ethnic restaurant will be a gathering point of both similar and different groups.This can act as a tool as an opportunity for similar and different group to congregate together, both learning and teaching about they culture background, achieving one of the theory of multiculturalism, which is people from dissimilar groups gather together in an environment with joyously embrace, celebrated and harmony(Thompson 2003). (cut this disapprobation into two) The idea of going to restaurants with a different ethnic background is that it offers a taste, quality and an environment that is different from ordinary cuisine.The experience of been in an environment of different culture background is one of the main drawing card of ethnic restaurants and the reason behind the surge in the popularity of ethnic restaurants(Ram, Jones et al. 2002). Taken the theory of consumerism into account, if there is a higher level of consumption in any goods or services, the general acceptance of the particular goods or services will also increase. Hence the increase in the consumption of ethnic food will increase the general acceptance of ethnic food (Riello 2006).As catering can be seen as an art, meaning catering and art both share some common proprieties such as producing a product that will educate and sent out an message to the user, with the increase in the level of general acceptance of ethnic food, the user will become more and more aware and appreciate the creative person (in this case the chef), and similar to a piece of art, user will also start to appreciate the cultural background and the historical aspect behind the method and ideology of catering as the same as they admire the food.(Hussain and Miller 2006 Pickett 2006) (cut this into 3 sentences) Does this final part make sense? facial expression study Case study will be constructed after the xmas holidays this is due to the fact that the time just before xmas is the high season for any restaurants. After the xmas period they will hopefully give me an interview more willingly which I can have better answer/results. The Case shoot will be based on a modern Japanese restaurants situated in the city, where there is a high concentration of Japanese oversea organisation near by.The main focus of the case study will be on the awareness of people in the catering industry on some of the ideas that I have mentioned in the paper Some stats on the recruitment pattern, try to find evidence that will support the ideas I have mentioned * And find any points that will go against my ideas, and then try to find the reasoning behind the disagreements. This is a self-constructed case study the aim of this case study is to test out some of the findings earlier in thisof the paper. Firstly, d oes the role of the ethnic restaurants acts as a stepping-stone, or barriers towards the overture of multiculturalism., Ssecondly, at which level of this in the society does ethnic restaurants, have the most impact towards multiculturalism. The case study is carried out in order to test out some of the main findings from the literature review. It is based on interviewing and talking with the different actors in the chosen restaurant, this is the best way to know what different actors feels about ethnic restaurants, questions will include general conception of ethnic restaurant and the relationship with multiculturalisms. Observation of the restaurant will also play an important role in my case study.This is due to the fact that is difficult to talk to all the different actors of the restaurant, as a high percentage of the actors will be the customers of the company, and the interview will be main be done during the operational time of the restaurant. The findings will be first be a nalysed? is in the sections, and some of the ideas from the case study will be concluded in the polish section at the end of the paper. Saki Bar and Emporium is located at Farringdon, at the nub of the city of London.One of the main selling points of the restaurant is to integrate modern Japanese technology into the program of the restaurant. This have acted as one of the main attraction to both Japanese and non-Japanese customers. Some of these technologies are very common in Japanfor Japanese customers coming here, I hope that this will make them feel closering to home, and for European customers it is simply an attraction point. Manger Director of Saki Ms. Ayako Like many ethnic restaurants, the staffs are mainly with the same ethnic background.The kitchen staffs in Saki are also the same, most of them are Japanese, conceptualise for one or two, however, these non nativesexceptions can speak fluent Japanese. The waiting staffs have a more diversity in terms of ethnic backgro und, ranging from Japanese, Chinese, to Spanish and English. However, the concentration of Japanese waiting staff still contributes more than 50% of the total. The communication within the kitchen is through the language of Japanese, and the communication on the floor is through English.Thaned the communication between the floor staff and the kitchen staffs is mainly Japanese, hence a translator is often used to communicatein the progress commutating to one another. In terms of customers, around 50% of the customers are Japanese, however, this is still a very high proportion, as the population of Japanese in London is relatively much lower than that. Is always good to walk in a Japanese Restaurant surrounded with Japanese, this means that the restaurant cant be too badI much prefer Japanese chefs, it will be obscure having a European cooking Japanese for me European customers of Saki.For customer with a different ethnic background this is an opportunity to learn the culture and som e of the traditional relating to catering. For example, the greeting of the Japanese culture is very strong. Hence, by entering and exiting the restaurant, customer can experience the shouting of welcome and thank you in Japanese, which in the western society can be assume to be rude. I always wonder what exactly do they say to me when I enter herI guess that is what their culture is. European customer of Saki.This high concentration of Japanese customer can be cause by the cultural loyalty that have been mentioned before, this loyalty can be converted into capital that can be used in order for a more successful ethnic based restaurants. This culture loyalty aids the idea that ethnic restaurants can be used as a general gathering point for people with similar ethnic background as food is a culture commodity I havent got used to eating sandwiches for lunch yet, I prefer having rice as part of my mealalso coming here sometimes I see my friends Japanese Customer of Saki.To surmise, se veral of my findings from the literature do relate in reality. Firstly, ethnic restaurants have adapted to the changes of the economic structure of the nation, and moving from quantity into quality dinners. Secondly, in terms of food in relation to culture, the general acceptance of the Japanese food culture for Europeans is relatively high, for example, the idea of eating raw fish is general accepted. Ethnic restaurants can act as a gathering point for groups of similar background. Ethnic restaurants in terms of multiculturalism as expected do play an important role in both as a stepping-stone and a barrier.The recruitment pattern of ethnic restaurant follows the trends of other ethnic restaurants that have been studied in my literature review, as the kitchen been mainly of staff with the same ethnic background, and the floor been a more diverse. The culture support is higher than expected as the culture loyalty was very high in Saki Bar and Emporium. As expected from the case stud y, it shows that ethnic restaurants can be both a stepping-stone and a barrier in the progression of the multiculturalism, and these two occur simultaneously and it is difficult to determine which side of the scale it tilts.Depending at which levels and groups one assure into, the result of ethnic restaurants can be determined, however this depends on how one verify the groups, with a difference approach or an indifference approach towards differences. Conclusion This paper looked into some of the issues that have been under researched by scholars and academicsresearchers in this field however there has been an increase of interest of some of the ideas explored in this paper. More and more scholars are in the process of examining and exploring the idea of the restaurant industry in relation to issues of culturalism.The first point to pipeline is that the idea of the progression of a society towards multiculturalism is indefinite, it is still an ideology. Also there a numbernumerou s of different definitions of a multicultural society, some can argue that there are already societies that followssocieties that follow the same characteristics of a multicultural society and via versa. The aim of this paper is to explore some of the issues that are surrounding the restaurant industry in contrast to the progression of a multicultural society.In the paper I have examined wherefore the restaurant industry can act as a barrier and a tool towards the idea of multiculturalism. However, the levels of effectiveness of each of these variables have not been examined, nevertheless I can conclude that the different variables are acting on the issue of multiculturalism simultaneously, acting as a barrier and tool at the same time. (this sentence doesnt make sense) However which way of the balance restaurants will have on the idea of multiculturalism will be very difficult to measure.Thisthis is due to the fact that there are too many different variables both internal ad exter nal with the catering industry that can have an effect on the progression of a multicultural society. (Reuck, A Knight, J 1966) In the case study I have found out that the recruitment pattern of ethnic restaurants do apply in reality, as staff with similar ethnic background is preferred not only in the operation of the restaurant, but also it is more appealingpleasing forto the customers, as they prefer an environment with a higher concentration of people in an ethnic restaurants.This factor reduces the langue barrier within the restaurant on the other give-up the ghost it also reduces their skill to speack the English language. OneWhich is one of the largest barriers that a foreigner hasve inon a foreign country is, as communicating with people. It is is essential to communicate fluently but in, without this essential skill, especially in the restaurant industry, where the working hour is both unsoicalise and long, withhich produces a relatively smaller social sphere, one can liv e without this essential communication skill much longer than other professions.TheWith the recruitment pattern within the restaurant industry is heavily concentrated with the same ethnic background from various reasons, the restaurants industry follows some of the theories that the paper have been explored. The working environment of ethnic restaurant act as a barrier for its staff to merge with the rest of the society, due to the nature of the working hours of the industry, along side with the high concentration of the ethnic groups, changing minority to majority.This changing from minority to majority within the working environment makes the environment of the industry unique. (Bensman, J Arthur, J 1975) Referring back to the ideology of multiculturalism, either depending on which approach one might use to take over the restaurant industry, by differences, or indifferences approach towards different. The outcome will be different. In addition, the level of scale of the issue wi ll also change the outcome.For example an ethnic restaurant can aid the progression of multiculturalism in the wider society, but at the same time, it acts as a barrier to the progression of multiculturalism in the society created in the working environment. Finally, this section will examine some of the difficulties occurred during the course of the paper, and suggestion of improvement if some of the ideas from this paper is to be explored in the futurerther. Firstly, due to the limited time, and manpower, some of the ideas have only been examined on the rear each sections of the paper can be explored in more detail.For example, due to these restrictions, the case study is only based on one restaurant one obvious improvement is to look into a more and diverse range of ethnic restaurants. This paper looks at only one ethnic group, but, ifwith more restaurants werebeen look into, one can start to identify similarities and differences in different ethnic groups. This would be a prov oke topic to look into as the similarities and difference might or might not follows the culture of the ethnic background.Further more, one of the main difficulties is the limited sources that are available for my literature review research that is straightway related to this paper. However, as mentioned before this is a field that is becoming more popular among scholars and researchers, one can only imagine the number and quality of the sources are increasing everyday. more conlusion on the case study Biography Bensman, J Arthur, J (1975). Metroplitan communities new forms of urban sub-communities. New York, New Viewpoint. Barrett, G. A. , T. P. Jones, et al. (1996).Ethnic Minority descent Theoretical Discourse in Britain and North America. Urban Studies 33 783-809. Barrett, G. A. , T. P. Jones, et al. (2001). Socio-economic and policy dimensions of the mixed embeddedness of ethnic minority business in Britain. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 27 241-258. Bruckner, P. ( 2006). Multiculturalism Nationalism of the Minorities. New Perspectives Quarterly 23 23-25. Collins, J. (2003). cultural diversity and entrepreneurship policy responses to immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia. Entrepreneurs.