Weapons Training Essay Example For Students

Weapons Training Essay Weapons Training Bruce Dawe ‘Weapons Training’ was written by Bruce Dawe. Who became one of Australia’s most well known poets in the 1960’s. In 1959 he joined the RAAF, Royal Australian Air Force, and left to become a teacher in 1968. As his occupation in the RAAF, Bruce served as an air force officer, a person of high rankings. And from his years fighting in the Vietnam War, and serving our country, Dawe – along with many others, wrote a substantial amount of protest, or anti-war poems. Many of which became extremely well known. My personal interpretation of this poem is an instructor, or person of high authority, teaching new recruits about their weapons, and the true experience of war. This is done to ensure that the new soldiers are prepared and completely understand what is to be expected of the coming months. The poem is about an experience, rather than a person. This was most likely a personal experience of Dawe’s, as many people in his position wrote poetry about everyday experiences throughout the war. Bruce Dawe is an Australian that hated war; thus this poem represents the viciousness and brutality of war. We will write a custom essay on Weapons Training specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Therefore, since he hated war, he only represents the brutality of war; he makes use of a silence and simply doesn’t bring up the issue of the reasons for war. He simply thinks of was as an unnecessary for the war to take place, no ifs, buts or maybes. The reason behind soldiers writing poetry while at war, besides them removing their bottled up emotions in a healthy manner, was to bring truth to the public. The views that an average person, living in a standard society has on war, differ extremely to one that has fought the hardships of war themselves. The way in which people think of war is that it’s a heroic journey taken by strong people that want to defend their country, and will return home equally as strong. Now, to a certain extent this statement is true. However, these strong people do not always realise how horrifying the occurrence of war may be before leaving. Once it is realised, many soldiers brake down, and when they return it seems impossible for them to live life to the fullest, as they have seen many that no longer have the capabilities of doing so anymore. The main theme of ‘Weapons Training’ is simply, war. This is obvious as it is what the poem is based upon. It is a truthful poem written to ensure all know that war isn’t everything it seems to be. War is an extremely traumatic experience for those involved, and their families and surrounding friends need to realise this – and many do, through the poetry written during these times of heartache. One of the ideas portrayed in this poem is that of the male sexuality. During the years of war, the male soldiers would usually be in close proximity to one another. This then brings up the argument of homosexuality. As is brought up in the text, ‘you there what’s the matter, why are you looking at me, are you queer? ’ This poem is a cynical and harsh protest poem. The poet sounds aggressive and demanding, this is shown through the language used throughout the poem. ‘Open that drain you call a mind and listen. ’ Similar language is present throughout the entire text; the poet does not change the way in which the poem was written, as therefore the mood does not change. It is easy to imagine the sergeant speaking forcefully, telling the soldiers that they won’t return the same. .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .postImageUrl , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:hover , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:visited , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:active { border:0!important; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:active , .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4 .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue462c068f472774a61526bea13025ab4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Social Work Interventions and Strategies to promot EssayHis tone is disciplined, yet harsh towards his students. The poem is created to be said in a negative tone, because the subject portrayed it that of a negative incidence. The poet isn’t holding anything back; he says exactly what he thinks, without the concern of how, neither the soldiers nor the reader will react. The reader’s response to the poem, filled with harsh sayings and aggressive language, is a realisation of the reality and brutality of war, thus, making the reader feel sympathy towards those that have spent part of their lives fighting for our country in the war. Their realisation of this has made a difference, and the poet is successful in bringing truth and emotion to the public. Dawe uses gaps in his text. He expects the readers to know to some extent the horrors of war and conflict. Although he provides graphic imagery, he expects the responders to be able to relate them to their own personal experiences, therefore enhancing the quality of this poem by creating a link between the readers and death due to war and conflict. Most importantly, he uses language to attract attention to his views on war and its horrors. He represents this conflict in the form of vivid imagery which adds to the motional aspect of the text; thus creating interest through tension and the readers’ past experience. Beginning with ‘and’ shows that the sergeant has been talking when the reader enters the picture, and his language is a continuous stream. Therefore, giving the impression to the reader as if they are inside a soldier and he had not bee n listening and only rejoined the conversation. The speech never does come to a full stop; there are rhetorical questions to raise the involvement of the reader â€Å"only to find back home because of your position; your chances of turning the key in the ignition; considerably reduced? Alright now suppose In this example, Bruce Dawe uses a rhetorical question to create an atmosphere that is strict and disciplined. The type of language used, is definitely a technique that attracts the audience. Different forms of poetry are used in the text. On the second line of the poem, an onomatopoeia is used ‘and when I say eyes right I want to hear those eyeballs click and the gentle pitter patter of falling dandruff’. Onomatopoeia is the formation or use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. Pitter patter’ is an example of this. This poem includes a hyperbole, which is defined as a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect. The poem builds up to the end saying ‘you know what you are? You’re dead dead dead’ this is an exaggeration to emphasise the conflict of war. Bruce Dawe is saying that all that war turns out to be is men having to kill others, as a resoluti on – when nothing should come to this. My personal response in reading this protest poem is that war is an event that no person should ever be subject to. I’ve learnt through reading this poem and doing research on war that it affects the soldier in many ways. The biggest negative affect seen in military members is PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. ) Its said to have been caused by a traumatic experience (fellow soldier dies, shot a civilian by mistake) in which the human mind doesnt know how to recover from. The effects mimic depression: feeling separated from others, thoughts of suicide, and some are different, such as increased sensitivity to loud noises. This poem had a rather large impact on me; it brought reality to my previous thoughts of war. Thus, making me consider not only the soldiers themselves and the way they have had to live their lives and the tragedies they have faced, but their families as well. These families of the soldiers have had to spend each and every day wondering whether their child, father, mother or siblings were alive or lay dead on the floor in an unknown area. All aspects of this poem work together in order to create a desired impact on the reader, the language and use of structure has helped in to develop the mood intended.

The Eyes That Cannot Lie What Lurks Behind Peoples Faces

The Eyes That Cannot Lie What Lurks Behind Peoples Faces Introducing a character into a story is not easy, even if it is actually leading the whole story. Mostly because the descriptions of the characters’ appearance tear the fabric of the story down, they are typically provided at the very start of the story and often look rather out-of-place. However, there would be no rule without an exception, which Eileen Chang’s short stories have proven successfully.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Eyes That Cannot Lie: What Lurks Behind People’s Faces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By showing the changes in her characters’ facial expressions throughout the entire novel, Chang manages to display a complex palette of emotions, which the leading characters experience, therefore, making it clear that a specific facial expression can have millions of shades of meaning, as well as that a shadow passing across one’s face can tell much more about th e given person than an entire tirade. One of the most striking things about the fleeting emotions of the characters and the way in which Chang manages to capture these emotions is in how many contexts a simple smile is used. It serves to express curiosity, tiredness, reluctance, etc.; in fact, one might be surprised how few times the smile is actually used to show that the character is genuinely happy. For example, Eldest Mistress Tai-chen smiles to invite Feng-hsiao for a walk – i.e., the smile is used as a way to express concern. After arriving later than expected, Ts’ao Ch’i-ch’iao smiles to show how sorry she is for the delay: â€Å"She smiled, showing her small teeth† (Chang). Yun-tse, who smiles in response to Ch’i-Ch’iao’s attempt to take her by the pigtail: â€Å"Yun-tse turned aside to protect her pigtail, saying with a smile: ‘I can’t even lose a few hairs without your permission?’† (Chang), which shows that the change in Yun-tse’s expression was used to display slight disobedience and a polite refusal. Ch’i-ch’iao then smiles in attempt to hide the emotion that overwhelm her at the sight of how protective of her Second Brother Chi-tse is, which is a striking contrast to the previously mentioned situation when Ch’i-ch’iao smiled. Thus, in addition, to the portrayal of a fleeting emotion, the description of Ch’i-ch’iao’s fleeting emotions shows how diverse and complex this character is, since different emotions trigger almost identical reactions in her.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact, the shift to a smile seems the most frequent emotion change in Eileen Chang’s novel; smile is mentioned as much as sixteen times (Chang). The given phenomenon might owe much to the specifics of the Chinese culture, where politeness is a top priority and, therefore, a variety of emotions may hide under a simple smile. It would be wrong, however, to consider the characters in the novel lifeless puppets who never display their real emotions. Although smile is, indeed, the most frequently mentioned emotion in the novel, the leading characters allow a negative emotion pass over their faces once in a while. For example, one of the characters actually frowns in the novel; much to the readers’ surprise, the frown is not a symbol of thoughtfulness or a situation when the character has to make an important decision. Unlike one might have expected, one of the characters in Chang’s novel expresses a discontent with a frown. To make it even more unexpected, the character who displays such an explicit dissatisfaction is a woman; to be more exact, it is Ch’ao-lu, known as Miss Tsao, or Little Miss Ch’ao: â€Å"Ch’ao-lu plucked a piece of raw fat a foot wid e off the hook and threw it down hard on the block, a warm odor rushing to her face, the smell of sticky dead fish†¦ She frowned† (Chang). It is also noteworthy that the frown does not come from the unpleasant smell; though Ch’ao is clearly disgusted by the odor of the fish, she clearly thinks of something other than the stench. As the readers are able to have a sight of what opens in front of Miss Ch’ao, however, all pieces fall into their places: â€Å"On the bed lay her husband, that lifeless body†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chang). With the help of a description of a frown passing across Ch’ao’s face, Chang managed to capture the fleeting emotion of regret. Though Ch’ao has seemingly adapted to her life with a man who is clearly not worth her, the feeling of dismay still gets the best of her once in a while, which the above-mentioned frown shows. Therefore, the given emotion stresses the strength and patience of the character, at the same time l etting the reader know that she still yearns for a better life.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Eyes That Cannot Lie: What Lurks Behind People’s Faces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While most of the above-mentioned ways to get across a complex emotion are rather subtle, some of the changes in the characters’ moods are displayed in a much more explicit manner, which helps understand the characters better. In contrast to a composed smile, which can have a million of shades of meaning, such a facial expression as sneering tells much about Little Shuang as a character. Making it clear that Little Shuang is more open than the rest of the characters, a sneer also points at such traits of her character as jealousy and scorn: â€Å"Little Shuang sneered. ‘How could she afford me! I used to wait on Old Mistress, but Second Master took medicine all day and had to be helped around all the time, and since they were short of hands, I was sent over there’† (Chang). Sneering helps to show how indignant Little Shuang is, and how unfair she believes she was treated. Thus, a mere act of sneering helps get an entire palette of emotions across, without breaking the character by making her indignation take the best of her. Finally, such emotion as anger deserves a proper mentioning. Though it does not appear in the novel very often, whenever it does, it becomes truly overwhelming. For example, as Yun-tse overhears the conversation between Old Mistress and Lang-hsien, she literally turns â€Å"white with anger† (Chang), which portrays her as a very impulsive person. While not all of the characters in Chang’s story are given a proper description of the way they look at the very start of the novel, their facial features are being discovered all the way through the novel, with every new feature being revealed to the reader with another twist of the story. A rather unusual; approach towards character description, this method helps the author keep the reader engaged and at the same time provides more room for the character development exercises. Even though the characters’ expressions do not change very often, each time when they do, it serves a specific purpose, therefore, making the characters more three-dimensional. With the help of her art of describing people’s emotions, Chang turns her stories into character study, therefore, making character arches more complex and the characters more compelling.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

How can inservice training and development support employee retention Dissertation

How can inservice training and development support employee retention within the communication team - Dissertation Example .............................................................................. 4.3 Linking findings with theory..................................................................................... 5.1 Conclusion and recommendations............................................................................. References Appendices EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research study aimed to close the gap in research knowledge regarding the role of inservice training in the organisation as a potential support tool for improving retention in communications teams. In the organisation, communications teams are set up to facilitate more effective communication between organisational actors, often involving employees, managers, and executives. These teams are responsible for reinforcing mission and vision, communicating policy changes and organisational adaptations, and facilitating the technologies and methodologies for effective discussion and interactions between organisational actors. In HR, retention relates to the ratios by which an organisation is able to reduce turnover and intention to leave, through the establishment of policies and strategies geared at employee satisfaction and job role motivation. Because there are significant gaps in knowledge literature supporting whether inservice training can serve as a predictor for improved retention, this study aimed to identify the tangible and intangible factors (intrinsic versus extrinsic) that could potentially lead inservice training to be a predictor of positive retention outcomes. Inservice training represents training provided to current employees, either short- or long-term, that provides new knowledge on systems, technologies, or behavioural changes needed to effectively facilitate a changing job role and... These teams are responsible for reinforcing mission and vision, communicating policy changes and organisational adaptations, and facilitating the technologies and methodologies for effective discussion and interactions between organisational actors. In HR, retention relates to the ratios by which an organisation is able to reduce turnover and intention to leave, through the establishment of policies and strategies geared at employee satisfaction and job role motivation. Because there are significant gaps in knowledge literature supporting whether inservice training can serve as a predictor for improved retention, this study aimed to identify the tangible and intangible factors (intrinsic versus extrinsic) that could potentially lead inservice training to be a predictor of positive retention outcomes. Inservice training represents training provided to current employees, either short- or long-term, that provides new knowledge on systems, technologies, or behavioural changes needed to effectively facilitate a changing job role and organisational/competitive environment. The best practices in developing and delivering inservice training are not widely available in research literature, thus this project intended to identify these best practices or structural obligations of creating effective inservice training to determine how this might impact attitudes or behaviours of those in the communications team that are exposed to inservice training processes an d content. The study was primarily desk-based, analysing large volumes of secondary research data in areas of psycho-social characteristics in employees, the functional and structural designs of inservice training, the nature of communications team development, as well as communities of practice as a development tool associated with inservice training.

R Software to complete this task Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

R Software to complete this task - Coursework Example The negative skewness implies that there are more data points on the left side of the histogram (negative side of a skew plot). One can conclude that the life expectancy across the 182 countries is well below 70 years. The scatter plot above barely indicate any form of correlation between internet usage and life expectancy. However, it is clearly indicative that as internet usage increase from 20 to 80, the life expectancy tends to stay above 70 years and steadily moves towards 80 years. This can be simply explained by the fact that increased internet usage leads to better health care awareness. Being exposed to better and healthy living habits and information through the internet may be the cause for increased longevity. The histogram for life expectancy in Europe also shows that the distribution is negatively skewed, but much lesser compared to the entire world life expectancy. The skewness coefficient stands at (-0.52496). However, looking at the bar plots above, there seems to be a reduced number of age data points on the left side. This means that Europe experience increased longevity compared to the world (Reimann et al.). A careful look at the histogram shows that between ages 60 to age 78, the distribution is symmetrical. However, when the age limit is extended above 80, the distribution becomes negatively skewed. The life expectancy in Europe is much higher compared to the 182 countries. The first histogram plot clearly shows that the life expectancy across the 182 countries is 70 years, while the second histogram plot shows that the life expectancy in Europe is at 78 years. Both histograms distribution are negatively skewed, however, Europe seems to have more access to information technology (internet access) which obviously has improved the living standard and heath care for the aging population. In addition, one can also conclude that since Europe has many developed markets, a huge proportion of the population is able to

Going Green in the Hospitality Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Going Green in the Hospitality Industry - Essay Example As such, the environment and its conservation have become a selling point for even airlines, where green airlines are even getting the bulk of passengers in air travel as can be seen in Continental airlines that has gone a step further to use biofuels. Consequently, hotels and other allied industries have taken competition a notch higher in order to make a kill in terms of revenue as has been seen with the Orchid Mumbai that is eco-certified making it highly competitive as compared to other five star hotels like itself (Ernst and Young 6). This is also because clients and other allied parties demand green programs, as well as their sense of corporate responsibility, where the industry, especially hotels do not intend to harm the environment with waste products. Hotels, as part of the hospitality industry could apply a number of measures that see to it that environmental conservation is enhanced and maintained. With this in mind, attempts at energy conservation are seen as the most si gnificant means through which the industry can go green, which serves both institutions and the environment, from which angle it can be viewed as humans being part of the environment. Hotels have gone green with genius ways of saving on energy both financially and best of all consumption, where their lighting systems consume just a fraction of conventional systems found at home and at non-green hotels. Energy conservations involves energy saving bulbs and other lighting systems consuming minimum energy for best results coupled with other solutions. The other solutions entail bright coloring that allows for large amounts of reflection, which requires lesser lighting than rooms with dark colors. From this perspective, some hotels are using LED (light emitting diodes) lighting, which consumes low power, as can be seen in the case of Econo Lodge hotels in the US ("LED Lighting Helps..."). Going green has also been achieved through tier systems that work as a bundle such as infrared sens ors that monitor brightness and switching lights on and off. The concept saves the industry more than 12 kilowatts of electricity produced and wasted by production and consumption. Other green initiatives in hospitality can be seen in air conditioning as seen in Japanese institutions, where there is a unique system of harvesting snow during winter and storing it up for use during summer, when it is hot. This works by cooling hotels and apartments using Japanese All-Air-Systems (Skogsberg 7). In waste management, the industry has the potential to improve its green imitative due certain aspects that involve recycling, reusing and reducing production of waste. On the production of waste, manufacturers of packaging items and materials are aware that what they produce ends up as waste. As a result, it the responsibility of hotels, travel agencies and other institutions in the hospitality industry to save the environment by choosing wisely and keeping of too much wrap on items. With this in mind, certain institutions have managed to do this by coming up with genius policies such as introduction of the hospitality and food service agreement that serves to ensure that there is not much waste in packaging by reducing, reusing and recycling ("Small Hotel makes..." 2). A

Voting Rights of Prisoners

Voting Rights of Prisoners How would you feel if you got your rights taken away from you because you did something bad? Its like saying them boys across the street said a bad word in public and now they cant talk no more. This is how felons feel about getting their voting rights taking away from them. Saying bad words isnt all that bad depending on what word or words him or her would say. Getting him or hers first amendment right taken away is completely uncalled for. Now putting him or her in detention or some kind of punishment for saying a bad word is completely understandable. Using foul language isnt that bad depending on what your using it for and how your using it. For instince say a man was cursing at his truck because it wouldnt start and a police officer over heard him and he got his 1st Amendment right taken away just because of that and he got put in jail because of that and he did his jail time and served what he had to serve for what he did and he never got his rights restored back to him. Restoring the rights of individuals who have served their time and re-entered society is the right thing to do (Virginia governor restoring felons). The situation with the man and his truck is very realatabel to the quote because the man served his times and did everything he had to do and he never got his rights back and the right thing to do is to give it back to him since he served his time. Restoring voting rights lessens ex-prisoners stigma and helps them rejoin their communities and reducing the risk of recidivism(Restore voting rights for felons whove done their time. ) Restoring a ex-convicts voting rights helps them rejoin their communties and not feel like a outsider or a criminal no more. Doing him or hers time for for the crime that they did and getting their voting rights taken away from them is not understandable because they did their time that they had to do so they could get their voting rights back. A 20 year old man was racing his car and he got caught by the cops and he got a ticket for racing and he had to do comuntiy service for a month also and he could not drive his car for one month. After he got done with community service for one month he asked if he could get his car back from the law and the law said no even though he served his time for what he did. In Alabama, Felons Face Difficult Road To Regaining Voting Rights. (For millions of Americans, being convicted of a crime means they can no longer vote. ) The 20 year old man was convicted of a crime and if he is he can no longer Should ex-convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes.(When you cant vote, you dont have a seat at the table, he said. Obviously, theyve made mistakes, but these are our family members, our friends, our neighbors. These folks pay taxes) When the man wants to vote but he can not because of what happened he is going to probably be angry. Even when the man did his community service he was still not allowed to get his car back or vote. Getting your voting rights taken up is bad even when you are really political and when you want to choose who is going to be your leader of your country. When a man or a women is very political they can get into real detail about everything. Even when it comes to rights they can get all into it. Should ex-convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes?(You cant leave 40,000 people out of the conversation on subject matters that directly and indirectly impact them.) Leaving all your community out that has done bad things is bad because it can impact them bad by them looking at everyone and them not being there and making the ones that had their voting rights taken up feeling like outsiders. Should ex- convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes(When you cant vote, you dont have a seat at the table,) Everyone needs their right to vote so they can vote for who they want to vote for. Everyone needs their voting rights in the country they live in so hey can vote who their leadear will be espically if you done what time you served and how did it. Your voting rights are yours and they will remain yours. But if your ex-convict and you served your time you should get your voting rights back because you served what you have done. Therefore the ex-convicts should get there voting rights back because they have served their time for what they did. References Chen, Cathaleen. Should ex-convicts have the right to vote? Maryland now says yes. Christian Science Monitor, 9 Feb. 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA442852435it=rasid=2322ae6c427fa5d5087830d035cba82f. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017. In Alabama, Felons Face Difficult Road To Regaining Voting Rights. All Things Considered, 15 Feb. 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA444342339it=rasid=04f0f656a3bb7eddb47bf0185ac388f3. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017 Restore voting rights for felons whove done their time. USA Today, 9 May 2016, p. 07A. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA451977993it=rasid=959ae03d3dc24734458862593b6277f1. Accessed 3 Feb. 2017 Virginia governor restoring felons voting rights one by one after court rejects order. UPI News Current, 22 Aug. 2016. Research in Context, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=MSICsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA461270523it=rasid=0ae7f0f1ece9f72c3bdd85807432ab56. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017.

Personal Choices in Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken Essay -- Road No

Personal Choices and The Road Not Taken When I read The Road Not Taken, I thought right away of the choice I made in high school not to study foreign languages. In the poem, the speaker makes his choice in either fall or spring - when the woods are yellow. I see both these seasons as times of new beginnings. In spring, everything new is growing. In fall (at least for students) it's the start of a new school year. I made my choice one fall when a guidance director told me I was not "college material" and recommended that I drop my French class. September should have been a beginning, but I saw it as an end to my dream for college. It's only now that I can begin to think it was-in a way - a beginning, too. Dropping French was desirable because I didn't do well in languages, but taking a language was also desirable because you had to... ...ence to her own choices in life. Her observations show that she became genuinely interested in Frost's theme and was able to appreciate his poem more fully by bringing something of herself to her reading. You may think her commentary is very different from what you have previously thought of as "literary analysis." Certainly, her ideas are expresses informally and personally, yet she has indeed "analyzed" the poem (looked at how parts of it work to create the whole).

Dekada 70 Essay

For the Philippines, the seventies was more than just a period of shaggy hair, bell-bottom jeans, platform shoes, and disco music. It represented the rise of the conjugal dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos, a U.S.-sponsored regime characterized by military repression and wholesale human rights violations. Conversely, it was also the fecund period for the sociopolitical awakening and involvement of many Filipinos; the humus for the renowned religious-political event, the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution. [2] Dekada 70 journeys with the central character Amanda Bartolome (Vilma Santos), the reticent wife of an alpha-male husband, and the worrying mother of a boisterous all-male brood. Thoroughly relegated to domesticity in a world slathered in testosterone, Amanda begins to undergo a transformation when her family becomes imbricated in the sociopolitical realities brought about by the Marcos dictatorship. The declaration of Martial Law, the lifting of the writ of habeas corpus, the curfews and police searches, all these could have easily floated past Amanda’s head had her sons not found themselves caught in the crossfire between the government and the pro-democracy movements. As one son after another faces the oppressive forces of the dictatorship, Amanda gradually realizes that the personal is political. While chanting slogans for sociopolitical change, she finds her own voice and comes to terms with the fullness of her own person. [3] It is notable that in the film, the divine presence is sublimated in the refusal to acquiesce to societal structures that perpetuate injustice. The characters’ eyes are opened to the dehumanizing impact of such oppressive structures and they join in the prophetic denunciation of what they have identified as ‘not-God.’ This importantly resonates with the praxical imperative associated with theologies of liberation, which configure God as imbricated in the collective protest of the oppressed. Amanda then, in her ‘conversion to justice,’ can be seen as synechdochic of the epiphanous ‘becoming’ of Filipinos as a true people of the eucharist. [4] Based on an awarded novel of the same title, Dekada 70 essays Amanda’s personal and political journey is a patient navigation of each year of the seventies. To director Roňo’s credit, the film has a clear focus and steadily gets to its point through engaging but inobtrusive camerawork. The politically-charged scenes are strident enough to be visually disturbing, yet tempered enough to work on a more psychological level. [5] There are touches of seventies style  Filipino humor that foreign audiences might miss; they effectively establish that this is a real, average Filipino family trying to navigate through the eye of the political storm. The acting is generally impressive, most especially that of lead actress Santos, who gives a luminous, sensitive performance. Santos essays the transformation of Amanda so effectively that we do see clearly at the end of the film that there has been a fundamental change in her character. [6] If there is something to be faulted about the film, it is Roňo’s failure to keep melodramatic moments in check. The funeral sequence of one of Amanda’s sons, for instance, becomes an over-extended session of copious tears. The rich story material of Dekada 70 could do away with such ‘in your face’ paroxysms, which only work to dull the film’s cutting edge political trajectory. [7] Nonetheless, it cannot be denied that Roňo had created a noteworthy, epic-scale Filipino film, and on a Third World budget at that. It also cannot be denied that Roňo had not forgotten the sentence of history on his home country. [8] Neither will Filipino audiences.

Sildenafil Essays

Sildenafil Essays Sildenafil Essay Sildenafil Essay Introduction: Sildenafil, a drug which is used for intervention of erectile disfunction ( powerlessness ) in work forces, was discovered back in 1986. It s find can be called as an illustration of serendipity. A cardiovascular research programme was carried by the Pfizer to obtain a fresh drug for the pneumonic high blood pressure or angina. This hunt had resulted in find of Viagra, the first unwritten intervention for the erectile disfunction. It is a phosphodiestrase ( PDE ) inhibitor type 5, which increases blood flow to spongy tissues of phallus and maintains hard-on which is necessary for sexual intercourse. This find had brought solution to impotence which was suffered by 1000000s of work forces. It was patented in 1996 and was approved by the USFDA at March 27, 1998. Sildenafil was released in the market by the trade name name VIAGRA for erectile disfunction and besides available every bit REVATIO as intervention of pneumonic high blood pressure ( Hossein A.Ghofrani et Al. 2006 ) . Sildenaf il is the first unwritten intervention which is available in the market as unwritten intervention for erectile disfunction in work forces ( Jim Kling 1998 ) . Background: Sildenafil is used to handle erectile disfunction. Erectile disfunction is a disease in which hard-on of phallus is non attained or maintained which is required for sexual intercourse. Erectile disfunction can be caused by diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure or psychological upsets such as emphasis, anxiousness etc. It is a common disease between work forces aged between 40 and 70 old ages. Before the find of Sildenafil, interventions such as vacuity therapy by penial pump or penial prosthetic device surgery are used to handle erectile disfunction. Vacuum pumps were available on physician s prescription but penial prosthetic device surgery was done as a last resort. It involves interpolation of unreal rods in phallus which was non much favourable ( Anon 2008a ; Chris Steidle 2009 ) Discovery: Sildenafil was discovered by a group of pharmaceutical scientists of Pfizer Company situated at sandwich, Kent. In 1984, a cardiovascular research programme was carried out by these scientists to happen a new drug which has important consequence in instance of angina or high blood pressure. Nitrates are the diffusible gases which starts transition of guanosine triphosphate ( GTP ) to cyclic guanosine monophosphate ( cGMP ) which is responsible for a cascade or reactions doing vascular musculus relaxation. Therefore, nitrate show anti-anginal consequence which is required but it s action is limited by drawn-out exposure to nitrates ( Parker and Parker 1998 ) . PDE enzymes move on cGMP and do it s debasement by change overing it once more to guanosine mono- or triphosphate. So, a biological hypothesis was put frontward by the scientists that to barricade the PDE enzyme and potentiate the action of azotic oxide ( NO ) . At that clip, 5 types of PDE enzymes were identified from which PDE 5 type of enzyme was moving merely on cGMP and non on any other cyclic nucleotide. This PDE5 enzyme is present in squashy tissues of phallus known as principal cavernosum. There were no compounds available at that clip demoing powerful PDE5 inhibitory activity. A hunt of certification of assorted compounds demoing vasodilative effects lead to a compound, Zaprinast which shows weak and non-selective inhibitor of PDE5 enzyme. It showed it s vasodilatory activity in anaesthetized Canis familiaris. Subsequently on, it was developed as an anti-allergy agent. But, zaprinast act as a lead compound for Sildenafil and farther alterations were carried out on construction of zaprinast to suppress PDE5 enzyme ( Simon F.Campbell 2000 ) . Zaprinast ( 1 ) and guanine ring parallels portions a structural similarity in their basic construction. The triazolopyrimidinone construction of zaprinast and the guanine ring of GTP have similar dipole minute in magnitude and way ( 9.5 and 7.4 severally ) . From the construction of zaprinast and cGMP, it was suggested that this heterocyclic rings are recognized by the active site of PDE enzyme. So, alterations were transporting out on triazolopyrimidinone ring to obtain a powerful drug with high enyme affinity. Furthermore, computational surveies showed that cGMP attains a syn conformation and zaprinast allows isosteric replacings which favours adhering with phosphate mediety. Last, it was supported by X-ray construction that heterocyclic ring is indispensable for the inhibitory activity so it was remained unchanged ( J.A.Beavo 1995 ) . After transporting out alterations on the parent ring, a pyrazolopyrimidinone construction ( UK-122764, 2 ) was found to hold 10 fold addition in authority against PDE5 and decreased affinity towards other PDE enzymes. But, still alterations were required to be done as to replace cyclic phosphate ring of original substrate in the spacial part. Therefore 3- methyl permutation was carried out on the parent ring and a tetrahedreal group of sulphonamide was attached to the ring to replace the cyclic phosphate ring ( Hossein A.Ghofrani, Ian H.Osterloh, A ; Friedrich Grimminger 2006 ) . A important discovery came in 1989, when a compound was synthesized named UK-92480 ( Sildenafil, 3 ) which was holding 100 fold addition in PDE5 enzyme selectivity and really less selectivity against the remainder of the enzymes of PDE household. The piperazinosulphonamide mediety imparts lipophilicity to the construction of Sildenafil and and makes it more soluble. Besides, it potentiates the action of azotic oxide efficaciously and increase cGMP degrees intracellularly with lesser side effects. It resembles the construction of cGMP which shows competitory suppression of PDE5 enzyme and it was confirmed as it gave a dosage related addition of 2-4 crease of cGMP in eyetooth coronary arterias ( Robert B.Moreland et al. 1998 ) . Sildenafil cGMP Clinical Development: In 1991, Healthy voluntaries were given a individual dosage of 200mg of Sildenafil as a portion of phase-1 clinical tests. These doses were good tolerated among the voluntaries but when dose exceed from 150mg, it shows perturbations in colour vision. When Sildenafil was given intravenously with glycerin trinitrate, it increases the vasodilatory consequence of nitrates among the topics. So, Sildenafil should be contraindicated or a safe manner demands to be developed to administrate both drugs at the same time. In 1992, surveies were carried out on healthy voluntaries who were given 75mg of Sildenafil three times a twenty-four hours for 10 yearss. Healthy voluntaries reported flushing, concerns, dyspepsia and some of them besides reported penial hard-ons as side effects. But this was non taken earnestly at that clip and farther tests were carried out as a cardiovascular survey boulder clay 1993 ( Hossein A.Ghofrani, Ian H.Osterloh, A ; Friedrich Grimminger 2006 ) . But, consequences show that Sildenafil was non a promising drug for the intervention of high blood pressure. So in late 1993, new clinical tests were carried out in healthy persons enduring from erectile disfunction were carried out. A Rigiscan device holding two cringles was fitted, one cringle at the base and another at the tip of phallus to find the girth and hardness during the sexual intercourse. After transporting out two different clinical surveies for about one twelvemonth, consequences showed that individual dosage of Sildenafil showed hard-on with a additive dose-response relationship ( M Bollel et Al. 1996 ) . Further, clinical tests were carried out in more than 3000 patients enduring from erectile disfunction of assorted type, with a average continuance of five old ages and they were given 25mg, 50mg or 100mg of Sildenafil as dose. These patients were aged between 18-87 old ages and 21 tests were carried out in randomised, placebo controlled, dual blind for 6 months with different survey designs such as analogues, cross over, fixed dosage and titration ( Pfizer Labs 2007 ) . Effectiveness of Sildenafil was assessed with instruments such as Rigiscan but chiefly it was assessed on the footing of International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF ) which consist of 15 inquiries chiefly which serves two chief terminal points ( Rosen R.C. et Al. 1997 ) . They are: O Ability to accomplish hard-on required for sexual inter class O Maintainance of hard-on after incursion The replies were recorded as categorical responses after 4 hebdomads period of clip. They are: O ( 0 ) No attempted intercourse O ( 1 ) Never or about neer O ( 2 ) A few times O ( 3 ) Some times O ( 4 ) Most times O ( 5 ) Almost or ever Besides, a journal was kept by the patients and their sexual information was recorded by themselves daily and an optional questionnaire was besides administered for their spouses. Consequences of patients demoing betterment of hard-ons assessed by questionnaire in any of the four different survey designs for 12 to 24 hebdomads of clip is shown below which was obtained on the 1797 patients that were characterized by average tonss of 2 ( few times ) on IIEF inquiry ( Pfizer Labs 2007 ) . Treatment group Besides, clinical surveies were carried out in patients enduring from erectile disfunction caused by conditions such as diabetes or spinal cord hurt. In all instances, Viagra showed it s consequence and improved hard-on. On all tests, sildenafil improved conditions of erectile disfunction in 43 % of patients against 15 % of placebo ( Pfizer Labs 2007 ) . Target designation and Validation: During the clinical development of Viagra, 6 more households of PDE inhibitors were identified. So, there are entire 11 types of PDE enzymes from which Viagra showed high selectivity towards PDE5 than any other else except PDE6. It showed merely 10 fold selectivity towards PDE6. Visual defects associated with Viagras were explained by weak suppression of PDE6 enzyme which was situated in exposure receptors. It shows high selectivity towards PDE5 against PDE7-11 enzymes ( Hossein A.Ghofrani, Ian H.Osterloh, A ; Friedrich Grimminger 2006 ) . working model.bmpSildenafil portions a similar construction with cGMP. The 3 substituent of heterocyclic ring make full the infinite in the enzyme filled by ribose and the 5 terminal of sildenafil mimic the function of cyclic phosphate in substrate binding. Sildenafil blocks the PDE5 catalytic site which is acquired by cGMP. So cGMP binds to the allosteric site of the enzyme and cause enzyme suppression. This will ensue in addition degrees of cGMP as it is non catalyzed by the enzyme and will do vasodilation which will ensue in increased blood flow to the tissue. 5 illustrates the mechanism of action of Viagra. As Viagra has similar construction with cGMP and has high affinity towards PDE5 enzyme, inquiry arises that sildenafil interacts with the cGMP for adhering at allosteric site. A site directed mutagenesis survey was carried out to measure the amino acids involved in contact action of substrate. The chief aim is to understand the suppression of the enzyme at the molecular degr ee and measuring the repressive effects of drugs on the catalytic site. Analysis of binding of Viagra to allosteric site was carried out and consequences showed that there is no interaction between Viagra and cGMP for adhering at allosteric site ( Illarion V.Turko, Stephen A.Ballard, Sharron H.Francis, A ; Jackie D.Corbin 1999 ) . The first PDE5 enzyme was identified in research lab. It was recognized when a hunt was carried out for cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins other than cyclic nucleotide dependent protein kinases as a cGMP adhering protein in lung tissue. 6 shows working theoretical account of PDE5 enzyme in which there is phosphorylation site at the aminic terminal parts. There are two allosteric adhering sites for cGMP near it. At catalytic sites consists of two Zn ­+2 adhering motifs A and B near the carboxy terminal part. The phosphorylation site is at serine residue at 92 place. The binding motives are aspartic acid at places 714 and 754. They facilitate the contact action by moving as a catalytic base or as a co-ordinated ligand for required metal ( Jackie D.Corbin and Sharron H.Francis 1999 ) . Lead Regeneration: Reaction strategy for Viagra was foremost reported in 1996 in Bioorganic A ; Medicinal chemical science Letters. Below is the reaction strategy ( 7 ) which was explained in the diary. It is a additive reaction which involves reaction of diketo ester ( 1 ) to hydrazine. It will ensue in cyclization of the merchandise giving pyrazole ring ( 2 ) . This pealing upon hydrolysis with a base, gives a carboxylic acid derived function on which regioselcetive N-methylation has occurred ( 3 ) . This compound on nitration with azotic acid in presence of sulfuric acid, and on decrease with Se chloride and ammonium hydrated oxide, nitro group gets reduced to amino groups ( 4 ) . Now this compound, upon acylation under basic conditions, undergoes pealing closing and forms a pyrazolopyrimidinone derived function ( 6 ) .This upon chlorosulphonylation at 5 place of phenyl ring, consequence in Viagra ( David J.Dale et Al. 1999 ; Nicholas K.Terrett et Al. 1996 ) . Different paths are available for synthesis of Viagra but there are minor alterations in the stairss. Sildenafil is commercially produced by another path which was published subsequently on.

Erin Brockovich Film Blog Essay Example

Erin Brockovich Film Blog Essay Example Erin Brockovich Film Blog Paper Erin Brockovich Film Blog Paper Essay Topic: Blog Facts, plot and theme Erin Broccoli is unemployed woman, who is divorced twice with three children, one of them being an Infant. When Erin Is Injured In a car accident she decides to sue the doctor who hit her. She hires the lawyer Deed Massy to represent her in her case. Deed assures her that they will win the case. However, they end up losing the case. After the case Erin tries to get aloud of her lawyer upset at the loss of the case but Deed Ignores her. To Deeds surprise one day upon his arrival to his office he sees Erin In there. After some guilt tripping Erin convinces Deed to hire her as a file clerk at his office. Soon after Erin meets George, her new neighbor. Her kids absolutely love George. George helps Erin take care of her children while she Is gone at work. One day while doing her Job Erin comes across a case the people of Hellene, ca have against the company Pacific Gas and Electric. Erin asks Deed if she can help with the case and he agrees. She then makes a trip to Hinkler to further investigate. There she meets Donna and Peter Jensen who are very ill. They believe their Illness Is a result of the chemical used at the PEG plant, chromium 6. Erin does further research and finds out that PEG was ordered to clean up the chromium from the ground water. When Erin returns to the office Deed fires her because he was unsure of what she was really doing. Deed decides to rehire Erin after a professor at UCLA that Erin had contacted Informs him that the levels of chromium could be responsible for the cancer that the Jensen have. Soon after others in the area come forward with wondering if their troubles could also be a result of the chromium in the area. Deed and Erin decide to start a class action lawsuit against PEG to help the people affected by the actions of PEG. The two work tirelessly to find more people for their case. Erin begins to strain her relationship with her kids and George due to the large amount of time she is spending working on the case. Deed eventually hires Kurt Potter, who is an expert in toxic cases. Kurt convinces Deed and Erin to speed up the process that the best course of action would be to take the case to arbitration. Deed holds a meeting with the people of Hinkler trying to convince them that this is the best way to go to get their settlement money. One night Erin meets a man Charles Embryo, a man who used to work at the plant ND whose cousin Just died from cancer after working at the water-cooling tower. Charles then Informs Erin that while employed at the plant, he was Instructed to destroy a lot of documents, some of which had to do with water tests in the area. Charles gives Erin with information from document that he did not destroy. Erin and Deed then give Kurt the Information, the signatures of the six hundred a thirty-four plaintiffs and the some convicting memos from the PEG office of the Hellene plant. In the end the judge ruled that PEG would have to pay the victims a total three endured and thirty-three million dollars to the victims and Deed gives Erin a check for I think the main theme of the film Erin Broomstick is perseverance. Throughout the whole movie Erin is very determined to help the people of Hinkler get Justice. If Erin had not been so motivated the people would have never been compensated for the terrible injustice that was bestowed on them. The movie demonstrates that through hard work and willpower even the tasks that seem impossible are possible. Characters Erin Broomstick- The main character of the movie. She is a twice-divorced mother of three. Erin is the reason that the case against PEG is pursued in the first place. She is a very strong and outspoken woman. Throughout the movie she tirelessly fights to provide her family with financial stability and bring Justice to the people of Hinkler. Deed Masers- He is first Reins lawyer that loses her case and the reluctantly hires Erin to work at his law firm as a file clerk. He is a very smart man. In the end rewards Erin greatly for her hard efforts. George Reins new neighbor that ends up being her love interest in the movie. He is a very nice and caring individual. He helps take care of Reins children while she is out working constantly. Donna and Peter Jensen- Both sick with cancer from the chromium poisoning. They were the first people she talked to in Hinkler and the reason Erin began her to further investigation. Received 3 million in compensation from the case in the end. Charles Embryo- At first Erin thinks he is kind of a creepy guy. However he ends up being the man that provides evidence to resolve the case. His cousin died of cancer after working at cooling towers of the plant. He is an ex-PEGE employee that was instructed to destroy documents but kept some of them. The documents end up proving that the PEGE plant in San Francisco knew was going on. Kurt Potter- Is an expert on toxic cases. Joins Deed and Erin to help win the case. He provides Deed with much needed money to help fund the case. Convinces them to change the case to arbitration to help speed up the settlement. Assumptions and what I would like to know a. PEGE knew that the chromium was hazardous to the people but kept quiet to save money. B. Deed was reluctant at first to take the case because he did not think much of Erin in the beginning. C. Why did no one question the reason that so many people in he area were dying from cancer? . Did the Doctors not find it odd that so many people were getting tumors and other types of cancer? E. Why did George spend so much of his time helping Erin with her kids? Resolutions 1. PEGE should have brought attention the problem with Chromium when it was known and fixed the problem. Enlightened Egoism- Take a long range perspective and allow for th e well-being of others, although always with their own interest in mind. Under this theory PEGE would have made the problem known when they discovered not because it was necessarily the right action to take but to avoid a large casuist against them later on. Costs The expense of taking the right precautions to ensure safe disposal Cleaning up the area that had been affected by the time they noticed it Money that may have to paid Possible lawsuits of the damage it had cause by the time the problem was realized if it was know from the beginning Would not have faced charges from the EPA for improperly managing waste. Could have avoided a class action lawsuit against the company from the people of Hinkler Impacts People of Hinkler would not have gotten sick and died from the chromium poisoning The area would not have been tainted with the chromium Erin Broomstick would not have had the chance to help these people 2. Do exactly as they did and try to cover up the effects of the chromium was having on the people in Hinkler. Ethical Egoism Defines right or acceptable behavior in terms of its consequences for the individual. Egoist believe they should make they decision that maximizes their own self-interest. The 333 million dollar settlement to the victims affected by the chromium Arbitration costs Legal costs Legalities Class action lawsuit against them from the people of Hinkler and the workers. EPA violations Many people lost their lives and got sick as a result Pain and suffering cause by the death, sickness and miscarriages. Area is contaminated 3. Do away with the use of chromium and find a safer chemical to use in its place. Utilitarian Theory Defines right or acceptable behavior as that which provides the greatest good to the greatest number of people. By getting a newer and safe chemical substitute PEGE would have been looking out for all the people in the area by making it safer to live and work there Costs Money to research a better chemical It may have been more expensive to use a different chemical The money to implement the new chemical Avoid lawsuits from all the people affected by chromium Provide a safer environment for the workers and the people in Hinkler People in the area would be able have a normal life free from disease A better future for the area Been seen as a environmentally responsible company Final Recommendation My final recommendation would be resolution 1, enlighten egoism. They should have way. If PEGE would have done this they could have saved many people a lot of despair, avoided a huge lawsuit, and kept a lot of people from getting deathly ill.

American history between 1607 and 1800 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American history between 1607 and 1800 - Essay Example n, this brief analysis will consider the effect that the Seven Years War and the subsequent revenue acts of the mid to late 1760s had on congealing an anti-Imperial tone within the American populace; a tone that necessarily and ultimately gave way to feelings of outright rage and hatred for the ruling British and the extent to which the American colonies saw themselves as extensions of this power. By way of such an analysis, it is the hope of this author that the reader/researcher can come to a more clear and definitive understanding of why the colonial forces believed they could challenge the British and what preliminary aspects of interaction helped to bolster this type of courage. The Seven Years War, or alternatively the French – Indian War as it was referred to in the colonies, was a period of conflict that actually spanned 8 years and affected almost all of the European powers, the North American colonies, as well as the Caribbean, India, the Philippines, and parts of Africa. As such, it paved the way for the introduction of a very high level of debt within the European system as a function of the fact that the war was so extraordinarily expensive and at that time budgets had to be balanced prior to moving on. As such, it necessitated the institution of an array of taxation on the colonies as well as the home nations involved. Although it may be seen as convenient by many American historians to view the colonies as shouldering an unreasonable percentage of the debt from the Seven Years War, this is entirely not the case.1 Rather, all of Britain’s possessions had taxes levied against them as it was the crown’s understanding that all com ponent parts of the Empire must share in the debt that the Empire had accrued by means of ensuring its continued existence. As a function of this, all of the British territories, holdings, and Imperial possessions had taxes, duties, and other revenue mechanisms affixed to rapidly seek to pay down the debt through

Essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Essays - Essay Example Based on studies prepared years before the new millennium, Flowers (2002) concluded that the use and abuse of drugs, among other substances, have been robustly related to juvenile delinquency and criminality. Conditions have not improved much since then. Bartol and Bartol (2008) reported that juveniles made up 17 % of arrests made in 2005. Mocan and Tekin (2005) established that the use of drugs wielded a profound influence on one’s predilection to commit crime. Indeed, from LSD to OxyContin to ecstasy, drugs have figured significantly as triggers to commit crime from the late 60s until the present time. Called by its own inventor, Albert Hoffman â€Å"my problem child†, lysergic acid diethylamide or LSD has itself spawned real-life problem children or juveniles since 1938 when it was first synthesized (Carey, 2008; Berger, 2005a). Psychedelic or psychoactive drugs, like LSD, are among the purported mind-altering drugs. Drugs classified as psychedelic or psychoactive consist of a concoction of chemicals not necessarily taken to improve health but known to have the effect of changing the user’s thoughts, reactions and perceptions of bodily sensations (Berger, 2005b; Drug-Free America, 2004). Mind altering substances in the same category as LSD are heroin or diamorphine, which is a powerful analgesic; cocaine, a highly abused narcotic anesthetic; and the psychoactive cannibus resin or oil from the hemp plant and its flower-bearing stem or tops known as marijuana (â€Å"Heroin†, 2005; Berger, 2005c; Jenkins, 2005). Other mind altering drugs include, but are not limited to OxyContin tablets, a licit narcotic drug used for pain management; dextroamphetamine, a drug which is fast gaining notoriety as a â€Å"recreational drug† but is medically prescribed for sleep disorders or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; and methamphetamine, which is a stimulant and a â€Å"feel good† drug usually smoked, swallowed or injected and used illegally