Undergraduate Internship Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Undergraduate Internship Report - Essay Example Undergraduate Internship Report Moreover, my regards go to my entire family for giving me emotional and financial support throughout the entire Bachelor’s degree program both in theory and in practical sessions. The six weeks’ internship program at the Center of Excellence - College of Business Administration in the marketing department was part of the Bachelor in International Business that is offered by my school. The internship entails working with professionals in the work place and gaining one-on-one experience in the field. During this period of time, I was expected to put most of what I have continuously being taught during the lectures at my school in practice. Moreover, in the beginning of my internship I was asked to come up with a marketing plan that is well researched, and give details on how I am capable of working on it, as well as market the products to current and potential clients. During this period, I learnt several marketing approaches, such as placing products and services on medi a aimed at the general public who are the current and potential clients. I also learnt how to communicate with potential clients, and acquired the patience that is required during marketing. Moreover, my internship basically entailed attending meetings that were held by my tutor. My colleagues and I continually worked on brainstorming to come up with ways of managing and marketing various services that were being offered by the center. Table of Contents 1.1Acknowledgements: 2 1.2Executive Summary 2 1.3introduction 5 1.3.1Company Description 5 1.3.2My Mission 5 Marketing plan for the Center of Excellence Introduction 7 1about the Center of Excellence 7 1.4Current situation 8 1SWOT Analysis 9 1.4.1Strength 9 1.4.2Weakness 10 1.4.3Opportunities 10 1.4.4Threats 11 1Market segmentation, target market and positioning 16 1.5Methodology 17 1.6Recommendations 18 1.7Summary 19 1.8Learning experience 20 1.9Conclusion 21 1.3 introduction 1.3.1 Company Description This year The University of Bus iness and Technology finally got recognized as an official University from the National Commission for Academic Accreditation & Assessment. Hence, becoming one of the most prestigious universities, and carrying under its name four different colleges: College of Business and Administration, College of Advertising, College of Engineering and Information Technology and college of Master of Business and Administration. My internship was held at the Center of Excellence, which is under the prominent College of Business and Administration. I have created a timeline for the UBT to show its success journey as a business from its early stages when it was no more than a small institute to what it is today a well recognized university in the education market. Please see the UBT timeline below. 1.3.2 My Mission Job description: Responsible of creating the Marketing plan for the Center of Excellence and continuing education for year 2013 Detailed job description 1. Creating SWOT analysis for the Center of Excellence and continuing education. 2. Creating Marketing plan for the center based on the SWOT analysis. 3. Supervise the designing and creating of marketing material and printouts. 4. Responsible of the digital marketing activities of the Center of Excellence: Creating Digital marketing plan, including advertising through the Internet,

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Teenage Pregnancy Essay One of the societal problems that our country encounters is the teenage pregnancy or the early pregnancy. Many Teenagers are involve in premarital sex. This also lead to other societal problem like overpopulation and poverty. The sexual revolution has ushered in a period in which the average adolescent experiences tremendous pressures to have sexual experiences of all kinds. Filipino teens get a higher exposure to sex from the Internet, magazines, TV shows, movies and other media than decades ago, yet without any corresponding increase in information on how to handle the input. So kids are pretty much left to other kids for opinions and value formation when it comes to sex. Sexual misinformation is therefore equally shared in the group. Parents at home and teachers in school feel equally inadequate or uneasy to discuss the topic of sex with youngsters. The problem mounts because the barkada (gang) has a more profound influence than parents do and they exert pressure and expect the adolescent to conform to the rest of them. In the Philippines, according to the 2002 Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study by the University of the Philippines Population Institute (Uppi) and the Demographic Research and Development Foundation, 26 percent of our Filipino youth nationwide from ages 15 to 25 admitted to having a premarital sex experience. What?s worse is that 38 percent of our youth are already in a live-in arrangement. In fact, female adolescents whose friends engage in sexual behavior were found to be more likely to do the same compared to those who do not associate with such peers. If the teen perceives her peers to look negatively at premarital sex, she was more likely to start sex at a later age. Teenage mothers tend to have poor eating habits and are less likely to take recommended daily multivitamins to maintain adequate nutritio n during pregnancy. They are also more likely to smoke, drink or take drugs during pregnancy, which can cause health problems for the baby. Unplanned pregnancies lead to a higher rate of abortions. In the Philippines, although abortion is illegal, it would shock you to know that we even have a higher abortion rate (25/1,000 women) .For sure, there are more abortions that happen in our country that are not even reported. Backdoor abortions are resorted to with untrained ?hilots? with questionable sterility procedures, increasing the possibility for tetanus poisoning and other complications. Even though there are many ways to stop this problem, there will always be the lak of discipline of the teenagers.That is why there is the controversial RH Bill which will solve the problem or maybe it cannot.

Selecting a Database for a Small Business Essay -- SQL Database

Jay-Star Incorporated is a small machine shop located in Lexington, Kentucky. There are only seven employees that actually work on the shop floor. Jay-Star produces metal core and distributes that core to various aerospace manufacturers. There are three different types of core that Jay-Star produces: Square Cell, Hexagonal Cell, and Beneflex Cell. Each of them can be produced using different materials from various shipping companies. The employees take these materials from the shipping company, produce the product, and then deliver the finished product to the aerospace manufacturer (customer). For a small company, Jay-Star keeps a very hectic schedule. Any miscalculation on shipping dates could be disastrous for the order flow of the company. This is why this database would prove to be beneficial in keeping a more precise schedule of events. This paper will explain the purpose and requirements of the database; describe, step-by-step, the process for creation of the comp lete database and explains the reason or rationale for each step and, for each step, the options available and choices made for execution; and explain how critical thinking and ethical reasoning were applied in the creation of the database design. The purpose of this database is to keep track of all of the events at Jay-Star Inc. The Customers table lists all of the companies that order products from Jay-Star. It also lists the companies’ contact information and where they are located. The Shippers table lists all of the shipping companies that deliver materials to Jay-Star. Just like the Customer table, the Shipper table lists contact information and location of the companies. The Employees table is a list of all of the employees that actually pr... ...o make schedule keeping easier and more effective. It can tell employees what product they can expect to produce next and let supervisors know when shipments will be delivered. This paper shows the step by step process used in creating the database with the use of primary keys, while also explaining the thought process that went into why tables were created and the order that they were placed using the relationships of each table. Overall this project as proven to be a great test in using all of the fundamentals for this SQL class. I look forward to continued success in using SQL in my future endeavors. Works Cited Data Analytics Software. http://www.1keydata.com/sql/sql-primary-key.html Pratt, Phillip J. Last, Mary Z. A Guide to SQL, Eighth Edition. P.26 Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Aug 1, 2010, Vol. 11, No. 8 (Aug 2010), p. 433-454

Ancient Egypt :: World History

Ancient Egypt The Egyptians were the first to make bread that is soft, light and filled with air. They also made the first ovens, because they need a different way to bake the larger mass of dough used for this new kind of bread. The Egyptians used mud bricks that have been dried in the sun to make houses. The sun is shining on our backs. In town ,we shall be paid fish for our barley. That was a song of Egyptian farmers , more than 3,000 year ago. Wall paintings in ancient tombs show farmers at work in their fields. The early Egyptians had hundreds of signs for words or for parts of words. Like other ancient people, the Egyptians often wrote on clay tablets or stone. It was from one such stone, the Rosetta Stone, that we learned ancient languages. Cheops was the name of a king in ancient Egypt who wanted a place to stay when he died. So he ordered his men to build a huge stone house in the shape of a pyramid. A pyramid looks somewhat like a giant tent. The base of this pyramid is almost big enough to fill ten football fields. Its peak is as high as a stairway with more than eight hundred stairs. Kings of Egypt used to be buried in great tombs with jewels and golden vases, and even thrones and chariots. The tombs had so many valuable things in them, that thieves used to break into them and steal their treasures. So later kings decided to hide their tombs. They left orders for their burials to be in a secret place called the Valley of the Kings. The graves were not to be marked. But, still, the jewels in golden vases and thrones and chariots were stolen. When historians checked it out they found out who stole the treasures, that’s right the men who were supposed to guard the tombs. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx was built almost 5,000 years ago , when Khafre was king of Egypt. It had a human head and a lions body. It stands 66 feet high and more than 240 feet long. Both head and body were carved from solid rock. The head of the Sphinx has been damaged more than once by people who destroy things on purpose. Over the centuries, desert sand storms have also warn away some of the stone. Ancient Egypt :: World History Ancient Egypt The Egyptians were the first to make bread that is soft, light and filled with air. They also made the first ovens, because they need a different way to bake the larger mass of dough used for this new kind of bread. The Egyptians used mud bricks that have been dried in the sun to make houses. The sun is shining on our backs. In town ,we shall be paid fish for our barley. That was a song of Egyptian farmers , more than 3,000 year ago. Wall paintings in ancient tombs show farmers at work in their fields. The early Egyptians had hundreds of signs for words or for parts of words. Like other ancient people, the Egyptians often wrote on clay tablets or stone. It was from one such stone, the Rosetta Stone, that we learned ancient languages. Cheops was the name of a king in ancient Egypt who wanted a place to stay when he died. So he ordered his men to build a huge stone house in the shape of a pyramid. A pyramid looks somewhat like a giant tent. The base of this pyramid is almost big enough to fill ten football fields. Its peak is as high as a stairway with more than eight hundred stairs. Kings of Egypt used to be buried in great tombs with jewels and golden vases, and even thrones and chariots. The tombs had so many valuable things in them, that thieves used to break into them and steal their treasures. So later kings decided to hide their tombs. They left orders for their burials to be in a secret place called the Valley of the Kings. The graves were not to be marked. But, still, the jewels in golden vases and thrones and chariots were stolen. When historians checked it out they found out who stole the treasures, that’s right the men who were supposed to guard the tombs. The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx was built almost 5,000 years ago , when Khafre was king of Egypt. It had a human head and a lions body. It stands 66 feet high and more than 240 feet long. Both head and body were carved from solid rock. The head of the Sphinx has been damaged more than once by people who destroy things on purpose. Over the centuries, desert sand storms have also warn away some of the stone.

Environmental policy Essay

Environment is the surrounding of any specific object of the system. The current issue of environmental problems had risen in late 1970 when several industrials masses become evident. Several new industries started and developed several chances for employment for the world. The industries although produce a positive impact on the economy of the world with reference to their monetary benefits but they, as a counter effect, produce several harms to the society as well as their environment. Due to the fact that every input have the output which is some what lower and the remain residual as waste, the world feels that there should be some how some regulation or rules or a guide line to restrict these industries for the betterment of the society and specially for the environment. So it became much more eminent to build an effective guide line, commonly known as policy, as a safety valve for the environment of the world. So a new concept of social economics arrived. For example, an industrial unit which contributes its share to contaminate the environment has an extra opportunity cost known as social cost which effect its market position. After the emission of social economics the concept of an affective environmental control procedure or rules arises this further processed and formed an environmental policy. Although, in social economic that extra social costs were not on the account of the company that produce it but on the account of the whole market. That was the major reason behind the evolution of the environmental policy. The major key interceptors for any environmental policy are its basic harming agents which possess an effective entity in the market or economy. Like deforesting, Water contamination, greenhouse effect etc. An effective environmental policy not only contribute in the development of the country in form of its economic impact but it also prevent from over budgeting and decrease the unit of social cost of any economy. An environmental policy is the basic key element to build a cleaner and safer environment. In other words, the economic policy is the preservator of future raw material for the industries. So an effective environmental policy works as a catalyst for the development of any economy as well as it also creates a conducive environment for the labor and entrepreneurs to use their skills and capabilities. (McKee, 1991) Let’s have a look on the factors that are currently being configured as a primary concern of any environmental policy. The first factor which is currently most important is the global warming. The temperature of the world has now being in process of change. Mean to say that the temperature of the world is rising. Green House gas effect is the main reason behind that global warming. This green house gas occurs due to the emission of carbon dioxide in burning fossil fuel. Methane (a byproduct of agricultural form) is another element behind that change in temperature rise. They allow the sun heat rays to be in but they don’t allow the rays to upward emission that’s why the surface of the earth is getting much hotter. Another factor which effects the environment is clean air. Again the main source for this contamination is again fossil fuel. After burning these fuels emits carbon dioxide and carbon mono oxide which then mix with air and contaminate it acid rain is also a byproduct of this contaminated air. Another important factor is species preservation. The rapid economic growth has caused several species to vanish. Again the waste from these industries polluted water and caused serious effect on several species. Water quality is one more important factor that effect environmental policy. It’s also a major issue. Just like water pollution Air pollution with chemicals is also concerning to policy. One of the most important concerns of any environmental policy is the industrial waste because this is one of the most basic elements in contamination of almost every impurity. The true implement of any environmental policy is only possible when we have an effective management system of industrial waste distribution. That how can we protect our resources and environment from polluting by recycling or destroying our industrial waste by any means. The basic industrial waste is usually the by products of any economic yield products. This waste can be in any form. It can be solid, or liquid or gracious or in some cases, radioactive. After the starting of the era of nuclear science another form of waste arrived. This is known as nuclear waste. (Environment, 2008)

Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example

Night by Elie Wiesel Essay Example Night by Elie Wiesel Paper Night by Elie Wiesel Paper The story starts during the World War II around 1941 when the author was twelve years old. It starts at Sight, Transylvania (actual Romania). The ghettos: Two ghettos were created In Slight. A large one In the center of town occupied four streets, and another smaller one extended over several alleyways on the outskirts of town. The street we lived on, Serpent Street, was in the first ghetto. We therefore could remain in our house. But, as it occupied a corner, the windows acing the street outside the ghetto had to be sealed. We gave some of our rooms to relatives who had been driven out of their homes. The barbed wire that encircled us like a wall did not fill us with real fear. (Likelier) Parts that describe the concerning camps: First, Brinkmen Do you see the chimney over there? Do you see it? And the flames, do you see them? (Yes, we saw the flames. ) Over there, thats where they will take you. Over there will be your grave. (An inmate) There was no floor. A roof and four walls. Our feet sank into the mud. You are in a concentration camp. In Auschwitz Remember it always; let it be graven in your memories. You are in Auschwitz. And Auschwitz is not a convalescent home. It is a concentration camp. Here, you must work. If you dont, you will go straight to the chimney. To the crematorium. Work or crematorium the choice is yours. Gates opened and closed. We continued to march between the barbed wire. At every step, white signs with black skulls looked down on us. The incision: WARNING! DANGER OF DEATH. few more steps than we saw the barbed wire of another camp. This one had an Iron gate with This one had an Iron gate with the overhead Inscription: RAREBIT MACH FREE. Work makes you free. Some characters: Likelier: He was almost thirteen and deeply observant. By day studied Talmud and by night would run to the synagogue to weep over the destruction of the Temple. Quotes: One day I asked my father to find me a master who could guide me in my studies of Couldnt you wait few days, sir? I dont feel well, I have a five r l no longer accepted Gods silence. As I swallowed my ration of soup, I turned that act into a symbol of rebellion, of protest against Him. My fathers presence was the only thing that stopped me. He was running next to me, out of breath, out of strength, desperate. l shall not describe my life during that period. It no longer mattered. Since my fathers death, nothing mattered to me anymore. Shalom Wisest- Was Lispers father he was a cultured, at beginning he seems to be an unsentimental man. At time passes he shows a lot of feelings for his son. At Sight he was an honored member of his community, respected and admired by Likelier for his wisdom and strength, to someone who cowered and cried for water, and begged his son to protect and feed him. He died because of dysentery in January 28, 1945 in Buchwald. Parts that describe him: My father was a cultured man, rather unsentimental. He rarely displayed his feelings, not even within his family, and was more involved with the welfare of others than with that of his own kin. The Jewish community of Sight held him in highest esteem; his advice on public and even private matters was frequently sought. Shalom, I am getting weak. My strength is gone. I wont make it *HIS NAME IS ONLY MENTIONED ONCE. You are too young for that Moodiness tells us that one must be thirty before venturing intonate world of mysticism, a world fraught with peril. First you must study the basic subjects, those you are able to comprehend. There are no Sabbaticals in Sight, l am too old, my son, Too old to start a new life. Too old to start from scratch in some distant la n d The world? The world is not interested in us. Today, everything is possible, even the crematoria Dont let yourself be overcome by sleep, Likelier. Its dangerous to fall asleep in snow. One falls asleep forever. Come, my son, come Get up. Monish the Beadle He was the Jack-offal- trades in a Hashish house of prayer, a still. He was poor and lived in utter penury. Physically, he was as awkward as a clown. His wavelike shyness made people smile. He stayed out of peoples way. His presence bothered no one. He had mastered the art of rendering himself insignificant, invisible. I liked his wide, dreamy eyes, gazing off into the distance. (Likelier) He spoke little. He sang, or rather he chanted, and the few snatches. We spoke that way almost every evening, remaining in the synagogue long after all the faithful had gone, sitting in the semidarkness where only a few half- burnt candles provided a flickering light. And left for dead Even Monish the Beadle had fallen silent. He was weary of talking. He would drift through synagogue or through the streets, hunched over, eyes cast down, avoiding peoples gaze. L pray to the God within me for the strength to ask Him the real questions. There are a thousand and one gates allowing entry into the orchard of mystical truth. Every human being has his own gate. He must not err and wish to enter the orchard through a gate other than his own. That would present a danger not only for the one entering but also for those who are already inside. Jews, listen to me! Thats all I ask of you. No money. No pity. Just listen to me! You dont understand, I warned you, Lispers mother, Lisles sisters Hilled, Bea, and Disport Hilled, the eldest; then Bea and Disport was the youngest My parents ran a store. Hilled and Bea helped with the work. Disport had blond hair My mother was beginning to think it was high time to find an appropriate match for Hilled. Eight words spoken quietly, indifferently, without emotion. Eight simple, short words. Yet that was the moment when I left my mother ; In a fraction of a second I could see my mother, my sisters, move to the right. ; Tic-poor was holding Mothers hand. I didnt know that this was the moment in time and the place where I was leaving my mother and Disport forever. Mrs Chatters: She was in her fifties an d her ten-year-old son was with her, roughed in a corner. Her husband and two older sons had been deported with the first transport, by mistake. The separation had totally shattered her. A quiet, tense woman with piercing eyes, she had been a frequent guest in our house. Her husband was a pious man who spent most of his days and nights in the house of study. It was she who supported the family. She kept asking why she had been separated from her family. Later, her sobs and screams became hysterical. Fire! I see a fire! I see a fire! Look! Look at this fire! This terrible fire! Have mercy on me! Jews, listen to me, she cried. l see a fire! I see flames, huge flames! Young Pole- The man in charge was waiting. He was a young Pole, who was smiling at us. He began to talk to us and, despite our weariness, we listened attentively. Quote: Comrades, you are now in the concentration camp Auschwitz. Ahead of you lies a long road paved with suffering. Dont lose hope. You have already eluded the worst danger: the selection. Therefore, muster your strength and keep your faith. We out despair, you will move away from death. Hell does not last forever And now, here is a prayer, or rather a piece of advice: let there be camaraderie among you. We are all brothers and share the same fate. The same smoke hovers over all our heads. Help each other. That is the only way to survive. And now, enough said, you are tired. Listen: you are in Block 17; I am responsible for keeping order here. Anyone with a complaint may come to see me. That is all. Go to sleep Likelier said that Those were the first human words. Julies a Pole with eyeglasses and a cynical smile in a pale face. Suddenly I remembered. Julies! The boy from Warsaw who played the violin in the Bun orchestra Julies, is that you? I thought hed lost his mind. His violin? Here? He was playing a fragment of a Beethoven concerto. Nevermore had I heard such a beautiful sound. In such silence. How had he succeeded in disengaging himself? To slip out from under my body without my feeling it? Julies. How could I forget this concert given before an audience of the dead and dying? Even today, when I hear that particular piece by Beethoven, my eyes close and out of the darkness emerges the pale and melancholy face of my Polish comrade bidding farewell to an audience of dying men. When I awoke at daybreak, I saw Julies facing me, hunched over, dead. Next to him lay his Olin, trampled, an eerily poignant little corpse. We work in a warehouse of electrical materials, not far from here. The work is neither difficult nor dangerous. Only Ides, the Kapok, occasionally has fits of madness, and then youd better stay out of his way. We work in a warehouse of electrical materials, not far from here. The work is neither difficult nor tendency but for gold teeth. Theyre expecting trouble This ceremony, will it be over soon? Im h u n g r y All right, E I I ex e r All right Not too much a I r Tired. My feet are swollen. Its good to rest, but my v oil I n l m afraid Theyll break My viol in I I brought it with me. Frank- Frank, a former student in Warsaw. Frank, the foreman, one day noticed the gold crown in my mouth All of a sudden, this pleasant and intelligent young man had changed. His eyes were shining with greed. I told him that I needed to get my fathers advice. Quotes: Dont kill yourself. Theres no hurry. But watch out. Dont let an AS catch you. Let me have your crown, kid For what they give you to eat, k I d If you dont give me your crown, it will cost you much m ore! l knew it, I knew that I would win, kid. Better late than never. And because you made me wait, it will also cost you a ration of bread. A ration of bread for one of my pals, a famous dentist from Warsaw. To pay him for pulling out your crown. Yogis and Tibia- whose parents had been exterminated in Brinkmen. They lived for each other, body and soul. And so we would sometimes hum melodies evoking the gentle waters of the Jordan River and the majestic sanctity of Jerusalem. We also spoke often about Palestine. Their parents, like mine, had not had the courage to sell everything and emigrate while there was still time. We decided that if we were allowed to live until he Liberation, we would not stay another day in Europe. We would board the first ship to Haifa. I asked Yogis and Tibia: Did they write me down? Yogis an Tibias quotes: No, said Yogis. Anyway, they couldnt have. You were running too fast Ides Ides, the Kapok, occasionally has fits of madness, and then youd better stay out of his way. One day when Ides was venting his fury, I happened to cross his path. He threw himself on me like a wild beast, beating me in the chest, on my head, throwing me to the ground and picking me up again, crushing me with ever more violent blows, until I was covered in blood. Abruptly, he calmed down and sent me back to work as if nothing had happened. Ides was on edge, he had trouble restraining himself. Suddenly, he exploded. The victim this time was my father. Quotes: You old loafer! he started yelling. Is this what you call working? An ordinary inmate does not have the right to mix into other peoples affairs. One of you does not seem to have understood this point. I shall therefore try to make him understand clearly, once and for all. .. Lie down on it! On your belly! Listen to me, you son of a swine! said Ides coldly. So much for your curiosity. You shall receive five times more if you dare tell anyone what you saw! Understood? Kafka drummer Kafka Drummer had discovered a verse from the Bible which, translated into numbers, made it possible for him to predict Redemption in the weeks to come. KAFKA DRUMMER HAS LEFT us, a victim of the selection. Lately, he had been wandering among us, his eyes glazed, telling everyone how weak he was He Just kept repeating that it was all over for him, that he could no longer fight, he had no more strength, no more faith. His eyes would suddenly go blank, leaving two gaping wounds, two wells of terror. He was not alone in having lost his faith during those days of selection Poor Kafka Drummer, if only he could have kept his faith in God, if only he could have considered this suffering a divine test, he would not have been swept away by the selection. But as soon as he felt the first chinks in his faith, he lost all incentive to fight and opened the door to death. Then he left, in the direction of the hospital. His step was almost steady and he never looked back. An ambulance was waiting to take him to Brinkmen. Quotes l cant go on t save r Its over. God is no longer with us. In three days, Ill be gone Say Caddish for me. French Woman IN THE WAREHOUSE, I often worked next to a young Frenchman. We did not speak: she did not know German and I did not understand French. I thought she looked Jewish, though she passed for Aryan. She was a forced labor inmate. She was s miling her mournful smile as she slipped me a crust of bread. She looked straight into my eyes. I knew she wanted to talk to me but that she was paralyzed with fear. Perfect German. MANY YEARS LATER, in Paris, I sat in the Metro, reading my newspaper. Across the aisle, a beautiful woman with dark hair and dreamy eyes. I had seen those eyes before. Quotes Bite your lips, little brother Dont cry. Keep your anger, your hate, for another day, for later. The day will come but not now Wait. Clench your teeth and w a I t Ides, the Aka p o T h e young Jewish b o y Y o u r sweet words l know what it is: Am IS ewe I s h? Yes, I am. From an observant family. During the Occupation, I had false papers and passed as Aryan. And that was how I was assigned to a forced labor unit. When they deported me to Germany, I eluded being sent to a concentration camp. At the depot, nobody knew that I spoke German; it would have aroused suspicion. It was imprudent of me to say those few words to you, but I knew that you would not betray me Meir Katz IN OUR WAGON, there was a friend of my fathers, Meir Katz. He had worked as a gardener in Bun and from time to time had brought us some green vegetables. Less undernourished than theres of us, detention had been easier on him. Because he was stronger than most of us, he had been put in charge of our wagon. My father took his arm. And Meir Katz, the strong one, the sturdiest of us all, began to cry. His son had been taken from him during the first selection but only now was he crying for him. Only now did he fall apart. He could not go on. He had reached the end. The guards came to unload us. The dead were left in the wagons. Only those who could stand could leave. Meir Katz remained on the train. Quotes Shalom, I am getting weak. My strength is gone. I wont make I t ; l cant go on, Shalom I cant help I t I cant go on Why dont they Just shoot us now? Azalea: A young boy from Poland was marching beside me. He had worked in the electrical material depot in Bun. People mocked him because he was forever praying or meditating on some Talmudic question. For him, it was an escape from laity, from feeling the b I sows All of a sudden, he had terrible stomach cramps. He couldnt go on. He had to stop a moment. I begged him: Wait a little, Azalea. Soon, we will all come to a halt. We cannot run like this to the endow the world. // But, while running, he began to undo his buttons and yelled to me ; // He lowered his pants and fell to the ground. That is the image I have of him. I dont believe that he was finished off by an AS, for nobody had noticed. He must have died, trampled under the feet of the thousands of men who followed us. Quotes: My stomach aches, he whispered to me. L cant go on. My stomach is bursting Rabbi Alleluia: had headed a small congregation in Poland. A very kind man, beloved by everyone in the camp, even by the Kapok and the Blackstone. Despite the ordeals and deprivations, his face continued to radiate his innocence. He was the only rabbi whom nobody ever failed to address as Rabbi in Bun. He looked like one of those prophets of old, always in the midst of his people when they needed to be consoled. And, strangely, his words never provoked anyone. They did bring peace. He had lost his son in the commotion. He had searched for him among the dying, to no avail. Then he had dug through the snow to find his body. For three years, they had stayed close to one another. Side by side, they had endured the suffering, the blows; camp to camp, from selection to selection. And nowwhen the end seemed near fate had separated them. Quotes Perhaps someone here has seen my son? It happened on the road. We lost sight of one another during the Journey. I fell behind a little, at the rear of the column. I didnt have the strength to run anymore. And my son didnt notice. Thats all I know. Where has he disappeared? Where can I find him? Perhaps youve seen him somewhere? Had forgotten and so had not mentioned it to Rabbi Alleluia! But then I remembered something else: his son had seen him losing ground, sliding back to the rear of the column. He had seen him. And he had continued to run in front, letting the distance between them become greater. Hungarian Jew- Next to me lay a Hungarian Jew suffering from dysentery. He was skin and bones, his eyes were dead. I could Just hear his voice, the only indication that he was alive. Where did he get the strength to speak? But then perhaps my faceless neighbor, afraid of being among the first displaced, simply wanted to get rid f me, to free my bed, to give himself a chance to survive Rephrase he only wanted to frighten me. But then again, what if he was telling the truth? I decided to wait and see. Dont be deluded. Hitler has made it clear that he will annihilate all Jews before the clock strikes twelve. Quotes: Dont rejoice too soon, son. Here too there is selection. In fact, more often than outside. Germany has no need of sick Jews. Germany has no need of me. When the next transport arrives, youll have a new neighbor. Therefore, listen to me: leave the infirmary before the next selection! Dont be deluded. Hitler has made it clear that he will annihilate all Jews before the clock strikes twelve. l have more faith in Hitler than in anyone else. He alone has kept his promises, all his promises, to the Jewish people. Jewish Doctor I went to the infirmary. The doctor, a great Jewish doctor, a prisoner like ourselves THE DOCTOR CAME TO TELL ME that he would operate the next day. Every one of his words was healing and every glance of his carried a message of hope. It will hurt a little, he said, but it will pass. Be brave. Quotes: We have to operate! If we wait, the toes and perhaps the leg will have to be amputated. Dont be afraid, he said. Everything will be all right. Everything went well. You have spunk, my boy. Next, youll stay here two weeks for some proper rest and that will be it. Youll eat well, youll relax your body and your n e r v e s Then listen well: in two weeks youll be fully recovered. Youll be able to walk like the others. The sole of your foot was full of pus. I Just had to open the sac. Your leg was not amputated. Youll see, in two weeks, youll be walking around like everybody else. Prepared by: Sharon Denis University of Puerco Rich Intermediate English 2 -Course Proof. Pagan

Free Essays on Critical Analysis Of Ethan Frome

Loveless Winters: A Book Review of Ethan Frome â€Å"Guess he’s been in Starkfield too many winters. Most of the smart one’s get away† (2). Winters are tragic for the people who live in Starkfield, Massachusetts. In Edith Wharton’s novel Ethan Frome, winter is personified as an evil that traps citizens into the dark and gloomy wintry Starkfield. Life is non-existent in Starkfield when winter arrives. Life is particularly non-existent for the poor man named Ethan Frome whose life seems to be a long winter season. Edith Wharton begins this tragic tale of heartbreak and loneliness by introducing a â€Å"bleak and unapproachable† (1) Frome. An inquisitive guest, a man who remains nameless throughout the novel, is captivated by the look of loneliness and regret that dwells in the eyes and demeanor of Ethan. The guest learns of Ethan’s troublesome past through a flashback of events that take place in the dead of winter. â€Å"Sickness and trouble: that’s what Ethan’s had his plate full up with, ever since the very first helping† (5). The guest learns of how Ethan’s father becomes injured working on the farm. He consequently dies leaving Ethan and his sickly mother penniless. Meanwhile, a cousin of Ethan’s named Zenobia (Zeena) comes to the farm to assist Ethan with taking care of his dying mother. Soon after the death of Ethan’s mother, Ethan feels that he is obligated to Zeena, so he regrettably marries her. Zeena ultimately â€Å"fell silent† (30) and only talked to â€Å"complain of things not in his (Ethan) power to remedy† (30). They live together for several years in a relationship that is arctic, unfriendly, and quiet just like the winters that plague the town. Because she had taken care of Ethan’s mother, Zeena becomes or thinks that she is ill within a year of being married to Ethan. Ethan and the town people believe that Zeena fabricates her sicknesses: â€Å"Zeena had always been what Starkfield called ï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Critical Analysis Of Ethan Frome Free Essays on Critical Analysis Of Ethan Frome Loveless Winters: A Book Review of Ethan Frome â€Å"Guess he’s been in Starkfield too many winters. Most of the smart one’s get away† (2). Winters are tragic for the people who live in Starkfield, Massachusetts. In Edith Wharton’s novel Ethan Frome, winter is personified as an evil that traps citizens into the dark and gloomy wintry Starkfield. Life is non-existent in Starkfield when winter arrives. Life is particularly non-existent for the poor man named Ethan Frome whose life seems to be a long winter season. Edith Wharton begins this tragic tale of heartbreak and loneliness by introducing a â€Å"bleak and unapproachable† (1) Frome. An inquisitive guest, a man who remains nameless throughout the novel, is captivated by the look of loneliness and regret that dwells in the eyes and demeanor of Ethan. The guest learns of Ethan’s troublesome past through a flashback of events that take place in the dead of winter. â€Å"Sickness and trouble: that’s what Ethan’s had his plate full up with, ever since the very first helping† (5). The guest learns of how Ethan’s father becomes injured working on the farm. He consequently dies leaving Ethan and his sickly mother penniless. Meanwhile, a cousin of Ethan’s named Zenobia (Zeena) comes to the farm to assist Ethan with taking care of his dying mother. Soon after the death of Ethan’s mother, Ethan feels that he is obligated to Zeena, so he regrettably marries her. Zeena ultimately â€Å"fell silent† (30) and only talked to â€Å"complain of things not in his (Ethan) power to remedy† (30). They live together for several years in a relationship that is arctic, unfriendly, and quiet just like the winters that plague the town. Because she had taken care of Ethan’s mother, Zeena becomes or thinks that she is ill within a year of being married to Ethan. Ethan and the town people believe that Zeena fabricates her sicknesses: â€Å"Zeena had always been what Starkfield called ï ¿ ½...

Income Elasticity of Demand

Income Elasticity of Demand A Beginners Guide to Elasticity: Price Elasticity of Demand  introduced the basic concept and illustrated it with a few examples of price elasticity of demand.   A Brief Review of Price Elasticity of Demand The formula for price elasticity of demand is:   Price Elasticity of Demand (PEoD) (% Change in Quantity Demanded) à ·Ã‚  (% Change in Price) The formula quantifies the demand for a given as the percentage change in the quantity of the good demanded divided by the percentage change in its price.   If the product, for example, is aspirin, which is widely available from many different manufacturers, a small change in one manufacturers price, lets say a 5 percent increase, might make a big difference in the demand for the product. Lets suppose that the decreased demand was a minus 20 percent, or -20%. Dividing the decreased demand (-20%) by the increased price (5 percent) gives a result of -4. The price elasticity of demand for aspirin is high a small difference in price produces a significant decrease in demand.   Generalizing the Formula You can generalize the formula by observing that it expresses the relationship between two variables, demand and price. A similar formula expresses another relationship, that between the demand for a given product  and consumer income Income Elasticity of Demand (% Change in Quantity Demanded)/(% Change in Income) In an economic recession, for example, U.S. household income might drop by 7 percent, but the household money spent on eating out might drop by 12 percent. In this case, the income elasticity of demand is calculated as 12 à · 7 or about 1.7. In other words, a moderate drop in income produces a greater drop in demand. In the same recession, on the other hand, we might discover that the 7 percent drop in household income produced only a 3 percent drop in baby formula sales. The calculation in this instance is 3 à · 7 or about 0.43.   what you can conclude from this is that eating out in restaurants is not an essential economic activity for U.S. households the elasticity of demand is 1.7, considerably great than 1.0 but that buying baby formula, with an income elasticity of demand of 0.43, is relatively essential and that demand will persist even when income drops.    Generalizing Income Elasticity of Demand Income elasticity of demand is used to see how sensitive the demand for a good is to an income change. The higher the income elasticity, the more sensitive demand for a good is to income changes. A very high-income elasticity suggests that when a consumers income goes up, consumers will buy a great deal more of that good and, conversely, that when income goes down consumers will cut back their purchases of that good to an even greater degree.   A very low price elasticity implies just the opposite, that changes in a consumers income have  little influence on demand. Often an assignment or a test will ask you the follow-up question Is the good a luxury good, a normal good, or an inferior good between the income range of $40,000 and $50,000? To answer that use the following rule of thumb: If IEoD 1 then the good is a Luxury Good and Income ElasticIf IEoD 1 and IEOD 0 then the good is a Normal Good and Income InelasticIf IEoD 0 then the good is an Inferior Good and Negative Income Inelastic The other side of the coin, of course, is supply.

CRT205 - (Critical Thinking) Analyzing Credibility Essay

CRT205 - (Critical Thinking) Analyzing Credibility - Essay Example He is a man of great repute. His experience as a mayor, a lawyer and a business man makes his an extremely credible and trust worthy person who could not be doubted about his views. Though the opinions are sincere, Guiliani is as unbiased as a person can be but as an American and particularly one who was in office at that time, he has the anger and the emotions of the affected person. His unbiased nature is best represented when he says that Bin Laden should get justice and not vengeance. But as a human being he did get a bit biased when he talked about Iraq in general. In his perceptions, government of any kind was not possible in Iraq five years back. There is just one primary opinion of overweight dogs in the advertisements. The advertisement is short and straight forward with no space for secondary ideas. But the slant is perfectly seen as the main purpose of the advertiser is to sell pedigree light and make a profit. It reflects that the society is extremely concerned about their pets and emphasizes this by triggering dog owners not to neglect their dogs by letting them become overweight. The advertisement tries to predict the future when owning a heavy dog so though it comes from a credible company, it cannot be directly depended upon. The advertisement claims to help overweight dogs lose weight. This is depicted in a comic but appealing manner by showing what overweight dogs can cause. The ad doesn’t directly make a claim but fortifies the need to put "dogs on a diet" and then presents a solution to it. The advertisement portrays the consequences of having an overweight dog. It creates a fear in the mind of a pet owner that, his dog, if heavy can tilt the car. These consequences are portrayed in a comic yet realistic manner thus enhancing the pet owners and the potential customers desire to have a healthy dog. The concept of having healthy pets is not new and pet owners are known to go to great lengths for the health of their pets. The

LinkedIn.com Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

LinkedIn.com - Essay Example Even though the professional community is on the rise with the passage of time, it is without a doubt that LinkedIn fosters productivity and growth across the board, creates avenues for development for the individuals and lets them stay in touch until a business call is made, and remade for future endeavors that are undertaken. The role of the professionals is to solicit the development to come about in such a manner that they get in close contact with one another, and thus stay in touch for a long period of time (Cocheo, 2009). They must grow collectively by keeping in association with one another so that their mutual friends and acquaintances also come about to increase and expand the basis of the business in the coming times through LinkedIn. As a professional, I can use LinkedIn to get in close association with people who have similar interests. To get up close and professional with human services professionals, I need to know where I can have all of them at a single point. This would mean that I need to make a group page for myself where I could solicit invitations from people who have similar interests and whose area of work are much the same. This would keep them all tied up at a single location and allow them to grow collectively. LinkedIn is a very powerful social media tool which if used properly could reap sound results, professionally. People have been able to meet and get in touch with some of the most talented individuals on the professional circuit just because they believed in the power of selling themselves through their abilities, skills and competencies (Pont, 2005). I would make use of LinkedIn to know who is joining the particular community and assess his/her skills upfront so that I know what the new individuals joining up have to offer to the community and to the human services role in essence. The most significant aspect is to get them all wired up and that can only be done when they are at a single platform. Being tied to a professional community means that one automatically ends up in a referral and when one needs to know who to contact, he is directly connected with how he must know the other individual. There is immense connectivity involved within the entire LinkedIn phenomenon, which if used properly could reap rich dividends. LinkedIn is powerful because it links up people who are in the same line of business; work closely with one another or even who work under the aegis of each other. The bosses and the middle line managers are in touch and so is the general dictum of progressive change, which is all the more quintessential in this day and age. Business groups with online presence creates an arm that can reflect on the business and that too from a very narrowed-down perspective, which zeroes in on the fact that connectivity must remain supreme and more so when quality referrals for human service clients seem to be the buzzword. Support services are always backed up by quality referrals which remain the hal lmark of LinkedIn and that too for all the right reasons (Beckwith, 2009). Thus professional business community groups create a sense of optimism which is very significant as it boosts the business by linking up like-minded people. The training offered by these LinkedIn groups is a collective mesh of those individuals who are in the same line of business and who have to offer the same services to a particular area of business. What

ENGLISH AND GRAMMER MISTAKES ( A REPORT OF WHERE THE MISTAKES ARE ) Essay

ENGLISH AND GRAMMER MISTAKES ( A REPORT OF WHERE THE MISTAKES ARE ) - Essay Example the support of strategic partners and Life Telecom’s self-resources, the company will not only study the requirements of the mall but also come up with an integrated solution that will provide excellent internet and other communication services more favorably in favor of efficiency, cost and control. The changes in the methodology of telecommunication era have necessitated adopting a completely viable alternative to traditional, disparate telephone, data, video and TV networks (I don’t understand what you’re trying to say here). Life Telecom’s competitive advantage over other providers is based on execution of commitments, true delivery of advanced services and breakthrough technological solutions. It is also the first company in Bahrain to combine the extensive use of IPs for the integrated deployment and management of voice, data and video & VAS over wireless networks. In this way, Life Telecom has achieved many key objectives: To offer customers on wireless practically unlimited bandwidth (i.e. on demand request) and to maximize the efficiency of the investment in its infrastructure, hence, reflecting cost effective on customer side. With this built up Network, Life Telecom is developing innovative, value added services that are used simultaneously over the same network platforms. Life Telecom provides a wide range of services – telephony, broadband internet connectivity, advanced IPTV and video services, advanced video-communication (video-conferencing for businesses and video-streaming for live events), Tele-surveillance - to all market segments ranging from large, small and medium sized businesses, small offices and home offices to residential customers. Also, Life Telecom would be shortly providing mobile broadband wireless access (hotspot Wi-Fi) & virtual private networks (VPNs). Life Telecom can also deploy and implement Wireless infrastructures across buildings, campuses, hospitals, and cities. - Innovation and service differentiation: Life

Family law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Family law - Essay Example It is evident that this family is financially stable particularly because Henry has gotten an inheritance from the mother’s art collection valued at a substantial amount of money. Henry has managed to buy a number of private investments and pensions. Moreover, Wanda was meant to receive certain amount of money from her uncle, but the issue is now becoming complicated as the second wife to her uncle who is in the process of contesting the will.1 Unfortunately, her marriage to Henry is at the verged of breaking. He has decided to divorce Wanda, a decision that has seems to be influenced by his business Mandrake who does not like children. Moreover, he has told Wanda that she will not get any financial help for him and should instead manage the inheritance that is ought to receive from her uncle until she gets back on her feet. Never the less, Henry is willing to pay $ 3000 per year for the upkeep of the three children for duration of three years. Wanda, on the other hand, has fo und new love from the Doctor who treats one of their children, though she is not willing to get married again. Family Law Family law is thus used to resolve all the issues that revolve are different families. According to the given scenario, Wanda must consult the family law in order to have issues solved (Cracknell 2008). In essence, she has to face her former spouse and the second wife to her late Uncle in court in relation to the inheritance given to her by her uncle especially now that her aunt was determined to challenge in court, the decision made by the her late husband. Additionally, Wanda has to contest with the decision that has been made by her divorced husband because it is insufficient for her and the children. In this regard, a number of factors will be put into consideration for her to be guaranteed financial orders by the courts.2 Domestic Contracts According to the family law act, two persons who are married to each other through an agreement must respect the rights , and obligation under the marriage, which include ownership or division of property, and support of obligations.3 Moreover, they have the right to direct education and moral training of their children and any other matter that entails the settlement of their affairs (Cretney 2003). However, they are not in a position to put into custody children. This means that if Wanda and Henry’s marriage was recognizable by the law, then Wanda has the freedom to be in possession of property ad be in a position be allocated the material wealth that they have acquired with Henry during their marriage life. In essence, all the property that Henry has acquired in the last ten years of their marriage will be considered in the ruling when the divorce process begins. Ownership of Property According to the family law Act, the court should put into consideration the ownership of property in all parties (Knight 2008). This simply means that the court should be in a position to advise on the type o f properties that are present (Fortin 2003). Those common and applicable to this scenario are personal ownership of property and joint ownership of property. Henry has an inheritance from his late mother‘s art collection, which qualifies to be called personal property especially now that it has no contesting issues.4 Contrary to this, Wanda has an inheritance, which could also be termed as personal property but it is been contested by the second wife of her late uncle. The rest of the properties that Wanda

Brand management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Brand management - Essay Example In order to meet the growing demand, WALLS decided to open an ice-cream factory in the year 1959 at Gloucester, England. Later in the year 1981 Unilever combined T Wall and Son Ice-Cream Ltd with Birds Eye Foods Ltd to formulate a new company named â€Å"Birds Eye Wall’s Ltd†. The ice-cream factory further expanded and grew with time and Unilever still continues the brand â€Å"WALLS† in U.K. and other parts of the world. WALLS is facing tough competition with both, high-profile and lesser famous brands like Nestle and Mars but has still maintained its position as a market leader by constantly coming up with innovative products like Magnum, Cornetto, Viennetta, Carte Dor and many more. Wall’s products are sold and known in almost more than forty countries. It operates under various names in various markets having a common logo (Wall's in the UK and majority parts of Asia, Ola in Netherlands, Langnese in Germany, Kibon in Brazil and Algida in the Italy) STR ENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES Strengths Production of quality, hygienic and affordable products Strong distribution network Available world-wide Use of latest and new technology Outstanding and unique packaging Weaknesses Weather conditions can act as a barrier. The demand for ice-cream decreases in cold weather conditions, therefore, walls should come with some products like coffee, yogurt, shakes and cakes. They are unable to meet the growing demand. MARKETING MIX WALLS PRODUCT AND PRICING WALLS have different Sub brands under its umbrella which includes Cones, Cups, Family Packs and Sticks. The major brands below WALLS with distinctive identity and ability are Cornetto, Magnum, and Feast these brands are powerful and have their own awareness amongst consumers. Other brands are however sharing the same identity and are known as products of WALLS. WALLS is constantly innovating by adding to their product portfolio. They bring new products to capture and retain the market they have, if the product is not doing so well they remove it from their portfolio and discontinue its production a example can be Calypso among the existing products WALLS consider every product as a Strategic one except paddle pop. Walls products include Bulk packs of 4.5 and 9 litres and the main current products of WALLS are listed below. WALLS have fixed pricing for their products but occasionally they give discounts on certain products. PROMOTION ATL Activities WALLS is very energetic in its promotional activities and is always innovating. ATL activities include Print ads; they are continuously using this medium whatever the season maybe. They know that print material generates good response because a person has time to view it again and again on his requirement. Apart from this they use active and strategic Bill boards to promote their products and Tv commercials are also used at high level. The campaigns are also doing well and are getting the product and the company positive response. BTL Ac tivity Walls also pay a lot of attention to BTL activities and we can see them sponsoring many events. Even on lower levels Walls always is interested to sponsor College events and they also used to conduct TTL activities earlier such as WALLS carnival. Walls distribute strategic merchandise

Family law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Family law - Essay Example It is evident that this family is financially stable particularly because Henry has gotten an inheritance from the mother’s art collection valued at a substantial amount of money. Henry has managed to buy a number of private investments and pensions. Moreover, Wanda was meant to receive certain amount of money from her uncle, but the issue is now becoming complicated as the second wife to her uncle who is in the process of contesting the will.1 Unfortunately, her marriage to Henry is at the verged of breaking. He has decided to divorce Wanda, a decision that has seems to be influenced by his business Mandrake who does not like children. Moreover, he has told Wanda that she will not get any financial help for him and should instead manage the inheritance that is ought to receive from her uncle until she gets back on her feet. Never the less, Henry is willing to pay $ 3000 per year for the upkeep of the three children for duration of three years. Wanda, on the other hand, has fo und new love from the Doctor who treats one of their children, though she is not willing to get married again. Family Law Family law is thus used to resolve all the issues that revolve are different families. According to the given scenario, Wanda must consult the family law in order to have issues solved (Cracknell 2008). In essence, she has to face her former spouse and the second wife to her late Uncle in court in relation to the inheritance given to her by her uncle especially now that her aunt was determined to challenge in court, the decision made by the her late husband. Additionally, Wanda has to contest with the decision that has been made by her divorced husband because it is insufficient for her and the children. In this regard, a number of factors will be put into consideration for her to be guaranteed financial orders by the courts.2 Domestic Contracts According to the family law act, two persons who are married to each other through an agreement must respect the rights , and obligation under the marriage, which include ownership or division of property, and support of obligations.3 Moreover, they have the right to direct education and moral training of their children and any other matter that entails the settlement of their affairs (Cretney 2003). However, they are not in a position to put into custody children. This means that if Wanda and Henry’s marriage was recognizable by the law, then Wanda has the freedom to be in possession of property ad be in a position be allocated the material wealth that they have acquired with Henry during their marriage life. In essence, all the property that Henry has acquired in the last ten years of their marriage will be considered in the ruling when the divorce process begins. Ownership of Property According to the family law Act, the court should put into consideration the ownership of property in all parties (Knight 2008). This simply means that the court should be in a position to advise on the type o f properties that are present (Fortin 2003). Those common and applicable to this scenario are personal ownership of property and joint ownership of property. Henry has an inheritance from his late mother‘s art collection, which qualifies to be called personal property especially now that it has no contesting issues.4 Contrary to this, Wanda has an inheritance, which could also be termed as personal property but it is been contested by the second wife of her late uncle. The rest of the properties that Wanda

Indonesian Music and Korean Music Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Indonesian Music and Korean Music - Case Study Example It is said to have originated in 16th century before the arrival or introduction of Islam in Indonesia, because of this, it is slightly modified, had change in new ways and absorbed new contexts (Harnish and Rasmsmusen). According to Harnish and Rasmussen, it is a large ensemble consisting of predominantly tuned, percussion instruments such as metallophones, hanging gongs and kettle gongs. It consists of two basic categories, pencon which are knobbed gong instruments and wilahan or slabbed key instruments (Spiller 60). It is composed of several gongs with different pitches based on the differences in thickness of surfaces, sizes, shapes and weights. It can be arranged vertically or suspended horizontally and struck with a use of a mallet. Slab key instruments compose of ten to fifteen rectangular metal bars arranged from left to right, from smallest to largest. The timbre of the metal bars depends on the softness or hardness of mallet use when playing the instrument. Gamelan Sekaten is a gamelan piece. It has a cyclical pattern and can be played repeatedly many times (Spiller 69-71). It is associated with the Muslim festival Garebeg Maulud, birth of the prophet Mohammed during Muslim holy week. No drastic changes have been done in gamelan sekaten because of its historical values. Javanese treats the instrument not as an ordinary instrument but a symbol associated with history, royal legitimacy and link to the past. No new pieces have been composed and the instruments have not been tuned ever since to preserve its originality, prevent distracting its venerability and diminishing symbolic potency (Spiller 70-72). Due to its status symbol and importance in history that can be traced many centuries ago, gamelan sekaten has. Banquet music is played to entertain. Korean banquet music is divided into three categories, the aak or Chinese ritual music, tangak, Koreanized Chinese ritual music and the hyangak or the Korean ritual music. According to Broughton et al. (p. 1 61) aak was the first to be introduced to Korea by Chinese in 1116 and has been modified and changed through the years. Contemporary aak originated from the reconstruction in 1430 with the use of written melodies dated back to twelfth century. Only two melodies have survived though the years and played only in Sacrifice to Confucius using Chinese originated ritual instruments. May states that (p.32) Tangak means music from the T’ang dynasty China, ak means Korean term for music. Tangak has only two orchestral pieces and hyangak pieces are originally created on fifteenth century to suit Korean royal ancestors. To this day hyangak pieces still exist that is still closely related to fifteenth century notations. Its purpose was to entertain the royal ruling class in informal form and subdivided into two, the chong-ak and sog-ak. Chong-ak is for the royal ruling class while sog-ak is for ordinary people. Court music includes ritual, banquet and military music. It consists of voice , musical and instrumental components. It usually starts in a slow pace and progresses into a cheerful dance pace until the end. Court music should be approved and accepted by the ruling class. In addition, the circumstance of its performance should also then be approved

Commentary on Transcendentalism Throughout Moby Dick Essay Example for Free

Commentary on Transcendentalism Throughout Moby Dick Essay It is quite possible that nothing runs deeper through the veins of Herman Melville than his disdain for anything transcendental. Melville’s belittling of the entire transcendentalist movement is far from sparsely demonstrated throughout the pages of Moby-Dick, in which he strategically points out the intrinsic existence of evil, the asperity of nature and the wrath of the almighty God. To Melville, transcendentalists became a â€Å"guild of self-impostors, with a preposterous rabble of Muggletonian Scots and Yankees, whose vile brogue still the more bestreaks the stripedness of their Greek or German Neoplatonic originals† (â€Å"Herman Melville† 2350). Transcendentalists went beyond denying the doleful possibilities of human error and suffering, and it is this ignorant altruism of transcendentalism in its looser grasps which prompted Melville’s scorn. Within the Emersonian school of thought lies the belief that â€Å"[the] ruin or the blank that we see when we look at nature, is in our own eye† (Emerson et al. 81) and that â€Å"the evils of the world are such only to the evil eye† (Emerson et al. 174). Melville, however, believes that on our planet lies an inherent evil, going as far as to say, â€Å"A perfectly good beingwould see no evil. But what did Christ see? He saw what made him weep† (Thompson 2350), pointing out that not only does evil exist, but it exists within Christ, the ultimate symbol of good. Moby Dick, the white whale itself, is the prosopopeia of evil and malevolence in the universe. All that most maddens and torments; all that stirs up the lees of things; all truth with malice in it; all that cracks the sinews and cakes the brain; all the subtle demonisms of life and thought; all evil, to crazy Ahab, were visibly personified, and made practically assailable in Moby Dick. (Melville 154) Moby Dick is also a depiction of Leviathan, Job’s whale created by God as a malicious symbol of God; Ahab â€Å" sees in Him outrageous strength, with an inscrutable malice sinewing it† (Melville 138), and if God is a representation of the spirit of the world, then within the world must exist â€Å"an inscrutable malice. † Transcendentalists made nature out to be this wondrous, awe-inspiring creation of God whichseeing as he believed God to be more evil than goodis an idea Melville blatantly rejects as a fallacy. Where Emerson says, â€Å" Nature satisfies by its loveliness, and without any mixture of corporeal benefit† (Emerson et al. 107), Melville says, all other earthly huesevery stately or lovely emblazoningthe sweet tinges of sunset skies and woods; yea, and the gilded velvets of butterflies, and the butterfly cheeks of young girls; all these are but the subtle deceits, not actually inherent in substances, but laid on from without; so that all deified Nature absolutely paints like the harlot, whose allurements cover nothing but the charnel-house within. (Melville 164) When sent out to sea, the Pequod and its crew were faced by the nature of which Melville speaksa nature that, at times, seems to â€Å"gild the surface of the water with enchantment, and causes even the wary hunter to have a land-like feeling toward the sea† (â€Å"Herman Melville† 2351), but is actually veils behind which God hides and constantly threatens to unleash his ambiguous animosity. It is the whale, a product of God and nature, that has reaped the leg of Ahab, that lashes out with the force of a thousand men. It is the beguiling call of nature that lulls the absent minded youth into an opium-like reverie by the blending cadence of waves with thoughts until he loses his identity and takes it upon himself to take the ocean at his feet for the deep, blue bottom that pervades mankind (Melville 134-135); calms are crossed by storms, a storm for every calm. Furthermore, Melville ridicules the transcendentalists for their blindness to the rest of the world. The transcendentalists saw only the world through the â€Å"dimensions of a sturdy window in Concord† (â€Å"Herman Melville† 2394). Melville could depict the true attributes of nature in a more scrupulous manner, for he had left his home in New England and sailed around the world. When Emerson claimed that the poet â€Å"disposes very easily of the most disagreeable facts,† it prompted Melville to respond, â€Å"So it would seem. In this sense, Mr. E is a great poet† (Thompson 443). Though a seemingly of a seemingly different nature, passions, desires, appetites, and senses of the flesh are a part of nature nonetheless: they are instincts, a natural part behind the drive of man. â€Å" [All] deep, earnest thinking [that] is but the intrepid effort of the soul to keep the open independence of her sea; while the wildest winds of heaven and earth conspire to cast her upon the slavish shore† (Melville 95). It is this natural drive that keeps man from falling under the spiritual drive, this tyrannous and brutal enslavement of this wrathful God, for â€Å"natural or carnal men are without God in the world† (Alma 41:11). It seems as though Melville has an everlasting quarrel with God. Throughout Ahab’s quest for the white whale, Melville has shown his own personal independence from the authoritarianism of Christian dogma. It is apparent that religious conventionalism was Melville’s favourite target for satire, but largely because he saw himself in competition with it. His own genius was deeply religious and the Bible seemed to serve the deepest purpose in Moby-Dick. Melville was caught in a vicious battle that he created and could not win. He started by loving God, then moved to hating God, progressed into a complete detachment from Godfeeling neither love nor hate. He grew to hate his detachment and decided that God might indeed be lovable, and so the vicious cycle repeats (Thompson 148-149). Thompson concludes, â€Å"The underlying theme in Moby-Dick correlates the notions thatGod in his infinite malice asserts a sovereign tyranny over man and that most men are seduced into the mistaken view that this divine tyranny is benevolent and therefore acceptable† (242). Melville agreed with the transcendentalists that the spirit is substance, but he began to diverge from the transcendental conclusion that its effect on man was benevolent. Moby-Dick tells not only the story of the ventures of the Pequod and its crew, but also of Melville himself. It captures all of Melville’s personal contempt toward the entire transcendentalist movement, and demonstrates his realistic recognition of evil through the symbolism of the whale, his struggle with religion through the use of ontological heroics, and his less-than-altruistic ideas of nature through the use of sheer logic. It is the perfect emblem for his gratitude for rationalism and respect for realism. â€Å"Oh, the rare old Whale, mid storm and gale In his ocean home will be A giant in might, where might is right, And King of the Boundless sea. † WHALE SONG Works Cited. Emerson, Ralph Waldo, Atkinson Brojoks, Edward Waldo Emerson. The Essential Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson. New York: Random House Digital, Inc. , 2000. Print. â€Å"Herman Melville. † World Literature Criticism. 1st ed. 1992. Print. Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick. Mineola: Dover Publications, Inc. , 2003. Print. Myerson, Joel, Sandra Harbert Petrulionis, and Laura Dassow Walls. The Oxford Handbook of Transcendentalism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. Print. The King James Bible. Susan Jones. New York: Doubleday, 1985. Print. Thompson, Lawrence. Melville’s Quarrel With God. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1952. Print.

Highlights On The Ethical Dilemmas Of Standard Chartered Bank Business Essay

Highlights On The Ethical Dilemmas Of Standard Chartered Bank Business Essay Standard Chartered plc operates as the leading emerging markets bank in the world. The banking group, known by many in the banking industry as Stanchart, operates over 500 offices in 50 countries throughout the Asia Pacific region, South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the United Kingdom, and North and South America. Its Consumer banking divisionresponsible for 58 percent of operating profit in 2000provides customers with credit cards, personal loans, mortgages, and investment services. Its Wholesale banking unit caters to corporate clients in the trade finance, cash management, custody, lending, foreign exchange, interest rate management, and debt capital markets. In 2000, the majority of SCBs revenue stemmed from its Hong Kong and Asia Pacific region operations, while the Middle East accounted for 18 percent, North and South America and the United Kingdom secured 14 percent, and Africa claimed 9 percent of revenues. The bank derives more than 90% of its operating income and profits from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, generated from its Wholesale and Consumer Banking Businesses. The group has approximately 1750 branches and outlets located in more than 70 countries. The London-headquartered Group has operated for more than 150 years in some of the worlds most dynamic markets, leading the way in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Its income and profits have more than doubled over the last five years, primarily as a result of organic growth, supplemented by acquisitions. The group employs 75,000 people, nearly half of whom are women. Its employees are of 115 nationalities, with 60 of these represented among senior management. Highlights on the ethical dilemmas of Standard Chartered Bank Although Standard Chartered Bank is an international bank and countries tend to trust it for its international standards, but being such a widespread company they have had their ethical criticisms. Some of the unethical dilemmas that the company has faced over the years are- Credit card complaints- Recently SCB has been facing extensive disputes in Asia particularly in India and Pakistan regarding the marketing of their credit cards. Figure 1:1- Reduction of the use of credit cards The governments trade watchdog, the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission, has started an investigation of card-selling practices of certain banks including Standard Chartered Bank, HSBC and the local banks ICICI and HDFC. The commission has the power to fine companies and limit their business dealings. All the banks involved say they have followed all appropriate trade practices and are cooperating with the requests for information. On May 7, the Reserve Bank sent a letter to all commercial banks warning about usurious interest rates, asking them to make sure costs to the borrowers were justifiable. The ombudsmans office at the bank said it received 3,700 consumer complaints about credit card lenders within just the first 5 months of 2006. Newspapers regularly run articles telling consumers how to cancel their cards, and some frustrated credit card users simply stop paying their bills. (http://www.consumercourt.in/cred it-card/2638-standard-chartered-bank-complaint.html) Stock market scandal (International Agenda)- A report on Indias biggest financial scandal during 1991 1992 accuses foreign banks of transacting dummy deals to cover up losses or camouflage transactions by favored Indian brokers. The report from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) exposes what it calls the nexus between Indian brokers and two foreign banks, Standard Chartered and Australia and New Zealand Banking Groups ANZ Grindlays Bank. The report accuses Standard Chartered of entering into fictitious transactions to cover up an ever-increasing number of unaccounted deals on its investment portfolio. The central bank of India has issued fines of roughly $42 million to 10 foreign banks, including Citibank, Bank of America, American Express Bank Ltd. and Standard Chartered Bank, accusing them of involvement in Indias worst securities scandal. SCB violated its guidelines by financing certain stock market operations, as well as helping out a fathered broker, Harshad Mehta, by putting thro ugh a number of dummy transactions. (Sanjoy Zakaria, 1994, New York Times) Acquisitions and outsourcing threat- In Malaysia, Bank Negara Malaysia in the financial master plan encouraged outsourcing of non-core functions by Financial Institutions. Ever since, banks have been exploring outsourcing as a way to rationalize and streamline operation. While outsourcing is a way forward to reduce cost, manage manpower dependencies and to allow financial institutions to focus on its core business of providing services and financial products, such outsourcing is done without prior consultation with workers representative namely SBEU. Reduction of staffs not only occurs to those directly affected by the outsourcing of the job functions, but also other complementary staff areas. Example, outsourcing of Sales and Marketing job in Standard Chartered Bank has transferred jobs originally done by Special Grade Clerical. Indirectly, this will reduce career promotion prospect. The bank has also use rationalization (due to outsourcing) as an excuse to close branches and scale down others. In the case of Standard Chartered Bank, the bank has gone on closing 15 branches nationwide with two in Sarawak according to Law Kiat Min, General Secretary of Sarawak Bank Employees Union. Evaluation of the Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Standard Chartered Bank Credit card complaints- The consumer court in India has been tackling problems regarding unfair credit card charges and improper means to withdraw the phony due amount, Credit Card Terms Prompt Indignation Arigit Sengupta, a hotel manager in Bangalore, swears he is never using a credit card again. Skip to next paragraphAfter charging about 30,000 rupees ($743) to his card and paying his minimum balance on time, he said he wound up owing his bank more than three times that amount. The kind of interest they charge, not even a chartered accountant could understand, he said. Local and foreign banks are aggressively peddling credit card accounts in India, where a fast-growing middle class with disposable income has created the ideal card customer base. (Refer to Appendix-2) Even though the firm is maintaining the contractual theory with a customer during selling these credit cards, which represents that firms have a responsibility to comply with the terms of the sale, inform the customers about the nature of the product, avoid misrepresentation of any kind, and not coerce the customer in any way. But on the other hand SCB is overlooking the due care theory which focuses on the relative vulnerability of the customer, who has less information and expertise than the firm, and the ethical responsibility that places on the firm. Customers must depend on the firm providing the product or service to live up to the claims about it and to exercise due care to avoid customer injury. The result is vocal and heated criticism from card holders, consumer advocates and the government. They accuse the banks of levying unfair fees and nuisance charges and of providing miserable customer service. These banks are cheating the public, said C. V. Giddappa, general secretary of the Credit Card Holders Association of India, a nationwide consumer group. Mr. Giddappas organization estimates that Indian consumers are paying 16.4 million rupees a day (more than $406,000) in unfair charges, and is agitating for a debt-free India by 2020. Stock market scandal (International Agenda) Regarding the particular scandal in 1991 1992 in India a spokesman for Standard Chartered said some of the report was misleading, particularly the conclusion that senior managers were aware of the fraud. Barry Northrop, who heads a Standard Chartered team trying to recover the banks losses in the scandal, said the fictitious deals were created without the knowledge of senior management and in defiance of both internal and RBI guidelines. Individuals involved had been dismissed and procedures tightened. In terms of theories SCB has complied according to Milton Friedmans theory (1970) regarding corporate social responsibility, which interprets that the only legitimate purpose of a company is to create wealth and pursuing their business effectively for the benefit of their customers, whilst providing a profitable reward to their investors. Being a foreign bank SCB acted upon their best interest financially, according to Friedman its the role of the state to provide the legal framework that regulated companies behaviour in relation to the rest of the community, the government or any appointed monitoring entity should have foreseen such a scandal and prevented it from occurring. But in the context of Kants theory, deontology or duty-based ethics that judges morality by examining the nature of actions and the will of agents rather than goals achieved or simply a deontological theory looks at inputs rather than outcomes. Therefore since this move of SCB was clearly unfavourable for the economy of India, it worked as a bad reputation for the bank as well as other foreign banks. (Refer to Appendix-3) Acquisitions and outsourcing threat- The practice of outsourcing is considered as a good option, since it provides guaranteed professional assistance for businesses without the expenses of maintaining fulltime employees, but it also poses as a threat for the domestic countries work force. Outsourcing for talent leads to lack of job security for the local employees. Standard Chartered bank and a few other international banks in Malaysia has been outsourcing extensively which has lead to an inconvenience for the employees of the nation. The provision in the Collective Agreement only requires the Bank to consult the Union prior to outsourcing. Outsourcing has inevitably reduced headcount of staff of financial institutions. Attempts by unions to negotiate with the bank to ensure that when staff moved over to the new entity (outsourcing company), and retain their seniority, pay and benefits has not been successful. While it is not possible to extent exact figure of employees who lost thei r job due to outsourcing, it is estimated that about 30% of employees are directly affected numbering about 1,000 staffs. This figure is expected to increase due to continued rationalization and system engineering. Outsourcing takes two forms, namely, transfer of job function to head office prior to outsourcing in the case of Bumiputra Commerce Bank or direct outsourcing which happened in Standard Chartered Bank. Based on such outcomes and considering SCBs current status as one of the best multinational financial institutions, Carrolls (1979) four step model on CSR can be used to stress the depth of the duty an organization needs to comply. The first two steps of the model remain evident, but the last two steps addresses particularly to the dilemma SCB is facing. Since Carroll believes that because a company can affect the interests and even lives of people, it should be accountable/responsible, to societal interests over those of the owners and beyond the specific limits of the law. Best Ethical Values and Practices of Standard Chartered Bank Even though Standard Chartered Bank has had a reputation of using unethical means to reach a much beneficial end in terms of the companys market expansion. Although the British Empire isnt as global as it used to be, that hasnt stopped Standard Chartered. Sustainability is integral to Standard Chartered. Worldwide and in Malaysia, the bank champions dedicated causes, one of them being environment. The organization believes that each person can make a difference, and through small steps, the collection action contributes to the overall impact as the community unites to preserve the environment for future generations. The organization is cognizant of getting it right in the home, before moving out to the neighborhood. The strategy of embedding the environment consciousness among the staff was a key focus for SCB in growing green advocates. As such, their green agenda is woven into every level of the banks operations. Environmental and Social Awareness- Over the last two years, Standard Chartered has run multiple activities and programs focusing on self-awareness, reducing wastage and lowering carbon footprint under its umbrella theme, Go Green, Lets Make a Difference. From cutting back on air travel to implementing shared-printer facility between departments, the results have been very heartening. The bank has seen as much as 50% reduction in air travel, 20% in paper consumption, 50% reduction in air travel and 10% in electricity usage, and the introduction of e-statements with customers. Higher targets are set for 2011. The bank is already using recycled paper for their business cards, and sourcing to adopt recyclable paper in all their operations Their other programs, Seeing is Believing (preventing curable blindness), Living with HIV/AIDS, Financial Literacy Programme, are being tackled on ground with face-to-face interaction given theres a higher level of social sensitivity surrounding these causes. All the following mentioned above directs to the theory of Consequentialism; consequentialist ethics bases decision-making on the best outcome for the largest group that also results in the least harm. It is a form of utilitarian ethics, which focuses on results rather than ingrained moral imperatives. The utility principle requires the decision-maker to weigh the possible consequences of his or her actions to select options that offer the best results for society. This has lead SCB in attaining the title of one of the worlds most ethical companies in four consecutive years till 2010 all in recognition of its ongoing commitment to build a sustainable business for the benefit of customers, clients and the wider communities in whi ch it operates. (Refer to Appendix-4) Workforce Diversity- With more and more organizations going global, diversity at work is increasingly becoming an integral part of every organization. Diversity refers to any perceived difference among people like age, race, religion, profession, sexual orientation, geographic origin and lifestyle. SCB has started their journey of diversity and inclusion in India from 2006 with formation of the DI Council. SCB initially started by concentrating on three aspects of diversity, gender, disability and nationality. Some of the key concerns were the infrastructure of the working women, work-life balance, and barriers to growth. A series of focused group discussions were conducted to understand and address these concerns to help position Standard Chartered as the employer of womens choice, states Rajashree Nambiar, GM distribution and country champion, diversity and inclusion, Standard Chartered Bank. From an ethical perspective the bank has been exercising virtue ethics which focuses on t he individuals moral stature rather than the morality of the act itself. A moral actor will base his or her decisions on ingrained values rather than consequences or duty. However, the individual is part of a community so the virtues valued by the community affect the individual decision-makers thought processes. A cultures values are incorporated into the individuals ethical framework. As a global bank, the variety of markets they do business in makes them diverse inherently. In terms of gender diversity; women make up to 46Â  per cent of their total workforce and the number of women in senior management roles has also increased. To increase female representation amongst senior management they focused on creating a pipeline of high-potential female employees at middle management. In 2008, they developed a mentoring programme for their middle management talent, with a specific focus on women. The Bank actively supports International Womens Day. Across their markets, and organize a variety of activities to recognize the achievements of women and highlight role models. In 2008, SCB renewed focus on attracting and supporting potential employees with disabilities. Over the last 12 months, the Group trained and hired a number of blind employees in Pakistan, employed their first visually challenged employee in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. SCB also launched initiatives to support employees with family responsibilities, and new maternity and paternity leave policies were rolled out in Bangladesh, Lebanon, US and Australia in 2008. Recommendation According to the reasonings mentioned above it is clear that SCB initially made a lot of wrong moves which was mostly in their own interest, but gradually when they started being internationally recognized they have tried substantially to improve their ethical ways as a corporation. They not only provided international job opportunities in the economies they settled in, they also came up with various social awareness activities e.g. fund-raising, and city beautification programs in the countries they are operating. Since they are a service based organization their only way of communicating to their customers should be through goodwill building and transparent publication of their intentions and actions. On the other hand the governments of the countries where MNCs like SCB operate should assign more efficient and reliable monitoring bodies for convenience. References Text Books/Articles- Fisher, C Lovell, A, Business Ethics and Values: Individual, Corporate and International Perspectives, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2009 Crane, A Matten, D, Managing Corporate Citizenship and Sustainability in the Age of Globalization, 2nd Edition Oxford University Press, 2007 Laurie J. Mullins, Management and Organisation behavior, 8th Edition, FT Prentice Hall, 2007 Jacques P. Thiroux, Keith W. Krasemann, Ethics: Theory and Practice, 10th Edition, Pearson Education 2009 De Geaorge, Richard T., Business Ethics, 7th Edition, Pearson Education 2010 Lawrence, P.R. and Lorsch, J.W., Organisation and Environment, Irwin, 1969 Press statement April 2002 to Standard Chartered Bank on Closure and downsizing of branches -pages 7-9 Websites- www.consumercourt.in/credit-card/2638-standard-chartered-bank-complaint.html www.gbcimpact.org/itcs_node/0/0/member_profiles/434 www.csrdigest.com/2010/08/going-green-using-social-media/ www.newyorktimes.com www.thetimesofindia.com www.timesnewspaper.com www.standardchartered.com

An Argument for the Use of Due :: essays papers

An Argument for the Use of Due Due to a lack of attention or understanding of English grammar, many Americans have, for several generations, used the adjective due as part of a prepositional phrase to introduce adverbial elements- to the disapproval of some strict grammarians. Although I prefer their prescription, for reasons of style, I must oppose their claim to correctness, on the pragmatic grounds of logic and sensibility. The most shakily grounded argument against the adverbial use is one of etiquette or style. Wilson Follett considers this use as "poor workmanship" which is "loose and lawless....rare in writers other than those who take advantage of every latitude." (Follett). H. W. Fowler also reveals a negative bias in his statement that "due to is often used by illiterates" ( Qtd. in Morris). But, as Bergen Evans said, "it is used to qualify a verb millions of times every day. And it is used in this way in very respectable places." So, if we are to devise and enforce laws of grammar based on usage by a particular social class or the preference of some who disapprove of its workmanship-who I might add are a minority-then we should sharpen our pencils, and prepare our oratories, for the battle we've begun hardly ends with this issue and is certain to be long and arduous. A second argument, best stated by Follett, that not every locution is right by virtue of its existence, appears to highlight the noble defense of language from the deterioration caused by uneducated and uncouth use. If this were the case here, I would heartily applaud Follett and Fowler for their defense. But it is not the case. For example, engraved tablets adorning the Philadelphia state house read, " Here sat the Continental Congress...except when...it sat in Baltimore, and in...Lancaster and in...York, due to the temporary occupation of Philadelphia by the British army." (Qtd. In Evans). And in 1957 Queen Elizabeth II opened her addressed of the Canadian parliment with, "Due to inability to market their grain, prairie farmers have been faced for some time with a shortage of sums..." (qtd. In Morris). The wide spread, public and formal use of due to for adverbial elements hardly qualifies it as uneducated or uncouth and actually contradicts the definition of locution. In fac t, if precise usage is the issue, I think it would be more accurate to call the grammarians substitution of other phrases in adverbial uses a locution.

Free Affirmative Action Essays - Affirmative Action is Discrimination :: affirmative action argumentative persuasive

Affirmative Action is Discrimination Affirmative action is a plan designed to end discrimination by guaranteeing minorities will be hired, regardless of race or gender. While our country hires such groups based upon these guarantees, the qualifications of such people are occasionally overlooked. Many believe that affirmative action is a very effective plan; however, the population which opposes such action frequently includes people of various minorities, as well as many others who have been wronged by this plan In several cases, this plan causes minorities to be perceived as being under-qualified when hired; in addition, it also causes a new minority, the white male. Our government must acknowledge the fact that affirmative action is not putting an end to discrimination; in all actuality, this plan has succeeded in creating new minorities, and more reasons for discrimination. Affirmative action frequently causes qualified employees to be looked down upon because some believe them to be "affirmative action hires". Two of my female relatives are currently on the police force; as a result, I have encountered many discriminatory comments pertaining to their positions. The first remark I usually receive suggests that they were hired for their position solely based on gender. Another comment which I usually receive is, "Well, being a woman probably didn't hurt their resume." Both of my relatives are very good at their jobs; one was even on the popular television show, Cops. Neither of them are "wimps", yet most males look down upon them as being hired because of affirmative action. This type of criticism is received by many minorities holding good jobs, whether they are qualified or not. To quote William Reynolds, assistant attorney general in the civil rights division: In many cases, affirmative action takes away from legitimate minority success. People look at the black banker downtown who has made it on his own and say, "He got his job because of affirmative action." Or, an employer hires a few talented minority people who would have succeeded anyway and says, "Those are my affirmative-action hires." (26) In this particular case, affirmative action may, or may not, have been the reason for hiring, yet that is what most perceive.

Book Critique on ‘Suicide’ Essay

Book Critique on ‘Suicide’ by Emile Durkheim Nearly a century ago, the French sociologist Emile Durkheim became interested in the phenomenon of suicide. Why, he asked, do people kill themselves? In his day, the common answer to such a question is: the suicidal person is depressed or mentally ill or has suffered an unbearable loss. An alternative philosophical answer is also presented: an individual commits suicide because it is part of his nature. But Durkheim was not satisfied with these explanations. He thought it likely that forces within society influenced people’s decision to kill oneself was never simply personal. Durkheim wanted to provide a sociological answer to the phenomenon of suicide. To find out whether his ideas were correct, Durkheim considered the explanations for suicide that were common in his day and systematically assembled the evidence for each. As his sources, Durkheim used government records that listed numbers of suicides and gave information about the people involved – their age, sex, race, religion, marital status. Upon analyzing this material, Durkheim saw that the usual explanations for suicide were contradicted by the evidence. There was a general variance of suicide rates across countries and time. Durkheim argued, â€Å"If suicide is considered a personal issue, why is there so much variation? † (Durkheim, 1897/1951:17). If suicide were related to mental illness, Durkheim would have found relatively stable proportions of suicide and mental illness within social groups. Durkheim found the opposite: some groups shared high rates of mental illness but little suicide; other groups shared high rates of both. Durkheim found that women were more likely to be diagnosed a mentally ill, but had less chances of committing suicide. Other contradictory information surfaced: Durkheim discovered that most people committed suicide during warmer periods of the year, not, as might be expected, during the cold days of winter. These initial findings forced Durkheim to conclude that suicide is determined by social forces; that is, forces external to the individual. Durkheim said, â€Å"suicide is based on social causes and is itself a collective phenomenon† (Durkheim, 1897/1951:145). Characteristics of the social group in which people find themselves make suicide more or less likely; self-destruction is not simply a private act. In analyzing his information, Durkheim looked for specific social conditions under which suicide occurred the most and least often. Here were some of his findings: 1) Protestants committed suicide three times more than Catholics and Catholics more than Jews; 2) Single people committed suicide more often than married people, and married people with children least often of all; 3) And, suicide rates are higher when people feel few or weak ties to a social group or community. The Jewish community was more tightly knit than the Catholic, the Catholic more tightly knit than the Protestant. Married individuals, especially those with children, had stronger social bonds than single people. After identifying the general cause of high suicide rates, Durkheim classified suicide into three types: 1) egoistic suicide, 2) altruistic suicide, and 3) anomic suicide. Individuals with few or weak ties to a community are likely to commit egoistic suicide, or suicide related to social isolation and individualism. The opposite of egoistic suicide is called altruistic suicide. Here individuals whose ties to their particular groups are so strong that their commit suicide for the good of the group. Durkheim also saw that suicide rates increased when there were sharp economic upturns, and decrease when there was economic stability. When times are stable, people feel better integrated into the social fabric and committed to social norms. When times are stressful, the resulting state of anomie leads people to commit anomic suicide. At the end of his research, Durkheim argued that ‘sociology is a legitimate field of study’ (Durkheim, 1897/1951). This statement is founded on two striking facts. First, he showed that suicide tendencies can be explained by social facts; that is, empirical statements with no psychological or philosophical implications. In essence, sociology is a field of study independent from psychology and philosophy. And second, social explanations about specific phenomenon are never inferior from other types of explanations. In essence, social explanations are sufficient to explain contradictory social facts, since the latter depends on the former for empirical validity. General Critique There are several criticisms on Durkheim’s research on suicide. Here are some of the criticisms: 1) Durkheim defined suicide as referring to ‘all cases of death resulting directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act of the victim himself, which he knows will produce this result’ (Durkheim, 1897/1951:44). By positive act, Durkheim meant such things as jumping off a bridge or shooting oneself. By negative act, he meant such things such as not taking necessary medicine or not getting out of the way of a moving vehicle. When Durkheim developed the concept of altruistic suicide, he himself committed a violation of his own operational definition. This violation constituted a flaw in his research. Given his data, it is almost impossible or difficult to find instances of altruistic suicide. One can infer that the inclusion of this type of suicide was the result of ‘overzealous inference’ from data; 2) Some sociologists argued that Durkheim was able to delineate the difference between personal issues and public problems. This is not entirely true. Durkheim never gave operational definitions to both personal issue and public problem. Durkheim only assumed that personal issues are issues peculiar to personal events; public issues are issues salient to the interests of a given social group. In a sense, it was Mills, not Durkheim, who formalized the distinction between personal issues and public problems; 3) Durkheim also ignored one important factor in his analysis of suicide: the political context of the late1890s. Durkheim argued that economic upheavals increased suicide rates, economic stability decreased suicide rate. If one closely analyzed the context of the late 1890s, one can perceive that it was not economic crisis (ups and downs of the economy) that determined suicide rates; rather it was the stability of political structures. The more stable the political structure, the more stable is the market. Hence, there are fewer tendencies for individuals to commit suicide. Conclusion Although these criticisms were significant in many respects, they are insufficient to demolish Durkheim’s theory of social facts. For one, Durkheim successfully defended the integrity of sociology as a field of study. And second, his analysis of suicide rates cannot be proved to be incomplete or faulty. His definition of suicide may be shaky, but the implication of such is of no theoretical importance. Hence, Durkheim’s study on suicide rates is sociologically acceptable. Reference Durkheim, Emile. 1897/1951. Suicide: A Study of Sociology. J. A. Spaulding and G. Simpson. New York: Free Press.